家庭自主性:老龄社会的家庭化应对与家庭制度重塑  

Family Autonomy:the Familiarization Response and the Reshaping of Family Institutions in an Aging Society

作　　者：温欣 WEN Xin(School of Politics and Public Administration,Shandong Youth University of Political Science)

机构地区：[1]山东青年政治学院政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期90-100,共11页Journal of Hohai University:Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目(24CJYJ24)。

摘　　要：从自主性理论出发,探索家庭在老龄社会中作为独立社会整合力量的可能。老龄社会并非单一特质的社会形态,人口、社会和经济与技术结构转型使老龄社会治理呈现复杂性特征。现代生产与生活秩序加速了个体与家庭分离,形成了个体化劳动与“空巢”社会生活样态,家庭日益小型化、孝而难养伦理困境等成为困扰个体和家庭的难题。同时,这种张力亦孕育了家庭自主性重新崛起的机会,即家庭可通过非平衡性自主、焦虑化自主和保护性自主的家庭化应对策略积极探索工作与家庭的代际平衡、育儿的科学化,并在家庭高龄化下维持家庭相对独立性,由此展现老龄社会家庭自主性崛起的可能性和实现路径。作为社会组织模式,家庭自主性展现了其在老龄社会治理中独特意义,使家庭成为一种同个体合作、向市场“要权”和与国家协同的社会力量。家庭自主性顺应了我国老龄社会的人口与经济发展规律,契合个体在老龄社会本体安全与情感需求,是老龄社会治理与构建生育友好型社会中不可缺少的重要社会组织形式。然而,家庭自主性的崛起并非轻而易举,需要个体维护家庭伦理、市场尊重家庭生活边界、国家保护家庭文化等,由此才能为家庭自主性发展创造空间。Based on the theory of autonomy,this paper explores the possibility of family autonomy in the aging society.The aging society is not a single social form,and population structure,social structure,economic and technical structure transformation make the governance of the aging society present complex characteristics.The modern production and living order have accelerated the separation of individuals and families,forming individualized labor and“empty nest”social life.Families are becoming increasingly small,and the ethical dilemma of filial piety and difficult upbringing has become a difficult problem for individuals and families.But it is precisely this tension that has also given birth to opportunities for the resurgence of family autonomy.Through strategies of non-equilibrium autonomy,anxious autonomy,and protective autonomy,families actively explore intergenerational balance between work and family,scientific parenting,and maintain relative independence under the aging of families,demonstrating the possibility and implementation path of the rise of family autonomy in an aging society.As a social organizational model,family autonomy demonstrates its unique significance in the governance of the aging society,and it is a social force that works together with individuals,demands power from the market and cooperates with the state.Family autonomy conforms to the law of population and economic development of the aging society in China,meets the individual’s ontological security and emotional needs in the aging society,and is an indispensable and important social organizational form in the governance of the aging society and building a fertility friendly society.However,family autonomy is not easy to achieve.It also requires individuals to uphold family ethics,the market respects the boundaries of family life,and the state protects family culture which can create space for the development of family autonomy.

关 键 词：老龄社会 家庭自主性 家庭制度 家庭化 生育友好型社会 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]