不同填充物料对大葱种子丸粒化效果的影响  

Effects of different fillers on the seed pelleting of green onion

作　　者：徐有权 牛旭旭 吴帼秀 崔丹丹 王凡 李阳 李严曼[1] 李胜利[1] XU Youquan;NIU Xuxu;WU Guoxiu;CUI Dandan;WANG Fan;LI Yang;LI Yanman;LI Shengli(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第2期142-149,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河南省大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(HARS-2022-07-S);河南省科技攻关计划(232102111026,242102111080)。

摘　　要：种子丸粒化是实现工厂化育苗机械化精量播种的有力措施。大葱是主要调味蔬菜之一,但其种子粒径较小,且不规则,从而制约大葱育苗集约化高效生产。以大葱种子为试验材料,对使用不同填充物料制备的大葱丸粒化种子进行丸化指标和发芽指标的测定与分析,并对部分指标进行隶属函数综合评价。结果表明,与凹凸棒土相比,膨润土是大葱种子丸粒化的理想填充物料之一,所制备的丸粒化种子近球形、质量较好,且发芽指标显著优于凹凸棒土。填充物料中添加珍珠岩能够促进大葱丸粒化种子萌发。以珍珠岩、膨润土、滑石粉质量比为4∶26∶70制备的丸粒化种子,符合种子丸粒化的要求,且各项发芽指标均显著优于以膨润土和滑石粉质量比为30∶70制备的丸粒化种子。该研究明确了蒸馏水作为黏合剂时,珍珠岩、膨润土、滑石粉质量比4∶26∶70作为填充物料制备大葱丸粒化种子的效果最好,可为种子丸粒化技术在大葱工厂化育苗的机械化、精量化播种中的应用提供参考。Green seed pelleting is a powerful measure to realize the mechanized precision sowing in industrial seed culture.Green onion is one of the main season vegetables,but its seeds are small and irregular,which cannot meet the requirements of intensive production.In this study,the pelletization and germination parameters of seed pelleting of green onion with different fillers were measured and analyzed,and comprehensively evaluation using membership function method for partial indexes.The results showed that compared with attapulgite,bentonite was one of the ideal fillers for seed pelleting of green onion which shaped closed to circular,and germination indexes were significantly better than that of attapulgite.Perlite could promote germination of pelleted green onion seeds in pelleted fillers.The pelleted seeds prepared by mass ratio of perlite,bentonite,talcum powder were 4∶26∶70 conformed to the requirements for seed pelleting,and each germination parameter was superior to those prepared by bentonit∶talcum powder(30∶70).This study clarified the favourable effect of pelleted green onion seeds prepared by bentonite∶talcum powder(30∶70)and perlite∶bentonite∶talcum powder(4∶26∶70)with distilled water used as binder,providing reference for mechanized precision sowing of green onion seed pelleting in industrial seed culture.

关 键 词：大葱 丸粒化 填充物料 丸化和发芽指标 综合评价 

分 类 号：S633.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]