黑水虻虫沙堆肥对青菜产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of the application of black soldier fly sandworm composting on yield,quality of pakchoi and soil fertility

作　　者：齐文 陈剑[1] 李嘉慧 钱仲仓[1] QIWen;CHEN Jian;LI Jiahui;QIAN Zhongcang(Zhejiang Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaojiang 318000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省台州市农业科学研究院,浙江椒江318000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第2期150-156,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：浙江省市级农科院联盟区域示范性项目(2023SJLM21);台州市科技计划项目(23nya22,23nya02,20ny12)。

摘　　要：为明确黑水虻虫沙堆肥在蔬菜生产中的实际应用效果,采用大田露地栽培,以不施肥处理为对照(CK),研究黑水虻虫沙质量占比分别为0、3%、6%、9%的4种不同堆肥在22.50 t·hm^(-2)施用量下对青菜生长、产量、品质、土壤肥力和土壤水溶性盐分含量的影响。结果表明,施用堆肥的处理除成活率和SPAD值外,其余农艺性状指标均较CK有所提高;随着所施堆肥中黑水虻虫沙占比的增加,青菜的叶展、叶片数及产量均呈上升趋势,单株质量呈先下降后上升的趋势,土壤pH呈下降趋势,0~20 cm深度土壤的水溶性盐分含量呈上升趋势。与CK相比,C6处理(黑水虻虫沙质量占比6%)青菜的产量显著提高107.63%,品质未明显下降,土壤p H、水溶性盐分含量均无显著差异,有机质含量提高5.95%,碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别显著提高21.72%、116.83%、605.38%。综上,C6处理的黑水虻虫沙堆肥(虫沙、羊粪、番茄秸秆质量比为2∶10∶22)效果最好。In order to clarify the practical application effect of black soldier fly sandworm composting in vegetable pro-duction,the effects of four different composting with 0,3%,6%and 9%black soldier fly sandworm on the growth,yield,quality of pakchoi,soil fertility and soil water-soluble salt content were studied by open field cultivation with no fertiliza-tion treatment as CK.The results showed that except for the survival rate and SPAD,all the other agronomic traits of com-posting treatment were higher than those of CK.With the increase of the proportion of black soldier fly sandworm in the composting,the leaf expansion,number of leaves and yield of pakchoi showed an upward trend,and the mass of single plant of pakchoi decreased first and then increased,the pH of the soil decreased,and the water-soluble salt content of the soil at 0-20 cm depth increased.Compared with CK,the yield of C6 treatment increased significantly by 107.63%,while the quality did not decrease significantly.There was no significant difference in soil pH and water-soluble salt content.The content of organic matter increased by 5.95%,and the content of available nitrogen,available phosphorus and avail-able potassium increased significantly by 21.72%,116.83%and 605.38%,respectively.In summary,the black soldier fly sandworm composting(black soldier fly sandworm∶sheep manure∶tomato straw mass ratio of 2∶10∶22)applied by the C6 treatment had the best effect.

关 键 词：青菜 黑水虻虫沙 堆肥 产量 品质 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]