深度失活三元正极材料特性分析及预处理研究  

Research on characteristics analysis and pretreatment on deeply deactivated power battery ternary cathode materials

作　　者：宋佳禧 计任飞 陈君 林森[1,2] 于建国[1,2] SONG Jiaxi;JI Renfei;CHEN Jun;LIN Sen;YU Jianguo(National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Joint International Laboratory for Potassium and Lithium Strategic Resources,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学国家盐湖资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学锂钾战略资源国际联合实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2025年第2期44-49,97,共7页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20142、21978094)。

摘　　要：深度失活三元正极材料的直接再生可以有效降低能源消耗并减轻环境负担,实现锂离子电池的清洁回收和循环利用,但直接对拆解后的材料进行再生处理,效果往往较差。因此,针对退役锂离子电池中深度失活的三元正极材料进行特征分析及预处理研究。利用多种表征手段对失活正极材料进行系统性研究,结果表明拆解下来的深度失活三元正极材料中含有较多的聚偏氟乙烯黏结剂、导电碳黑及盐类杂质,且晶型结构遭到严重破坏。电化学性能测试结果显示,其放电容量仅余30mA·h/g,远低于商业材料,电池容量严重衰减。为了有效地直接再生深度失活的三元正极材料,在氧气气氛下对其进行高温锻烧预处理除杂,550℃条件下煅烧4h后可完全去除失活正极材料中的导电碳黑等杂质,同时不会对材料的组成结构造成显著影响,这为材料的直接再生等后续处理奠定基础。The direct regeneration of deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials can effectively reduce energy consump-tion and alleviate environmental burdens,achieving clean recycling and reuse of lithium-ion batteries.However,it has been found that the direct regeneration of materials dismantled often has poor effects.Therefore,research on the characteristic analysis and pretreatment of deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials from retired lithium-ion batteries was conducted.A systematic study of the deactivated cathode materials using various characterization techniques showed that the deeply deactivated ternary cathode materials contained a significant amount of binder PVDF,conductive carbon black,and salt impurities,and their crystal structure was severely damaged.Moreover,electrochemical results showed that the specific ca-pacity was only 30 mA·h/g,which was far below that of commercial material,indicating a significant degradation in battery capacity.In order to effectively regenerate the ternary cathode materials,a high-temperature calcination pretreatment for impurity removal was carried out in an oxygen atmosphere.Calcination at 550℃for 4 h could completely remove conduc-tive carbon black and other impurity components from the deactivated cathode materials,without significantly affecting the composition and structure of the materials,thus laying the foundation for subsequent processing such as direct regeneration.

关 键 词：深度失活 三元正极材料 预处理 高温煅烧 

分 类 号：TQ131.11[化学工程—无机化工]