化工装置仪表与控制系统失效的原因与改进措施  

Reasons and Improvement Measures for Failure of Instrument and Control System in Chemical Plant

作　　者：宋一歌 Song Yige(Daqing Petrochemical Company Equipment Maintenance Center,Daqing Heilongjiang 163714)

机构地区：[1]大庆石化公司设备维修中心,黑龙江大庆163714

出　　处：《中国仪器仪表》2025年第2期74-77,共4页China Instrumentation

摘　　要：本文针对化工生产装置制冷单元在实际生产过程中出现的设备和控制系统故障率较高的问题,进行了研究分析,发现故障主要是由于现场监测仪器设计和选型不合理,单点联锁仪器的可靠性不高,现场可编程控制器(PLC)供电不稳定,PLC中央处理器(CPU)、输入输出模块(I/O单元)、通信单元、供电模块非冗余设计造成的。通过采取改造现场测试仪表、优化联锁逻辑、采用双冗余DCS控制器、升级中央处理器(CPU)的供电稳定性等一系列措施,改造后的制冷机组运行正常,非计划停机次数减少,为化工生产装置的安稳及长周期运行打下坚实基础。In view of the high failure rate of equipment and control system in the actual production process of refrigeration unit of chemical production unit,the research and analysis are carried out.It is found that the main reasons are unreasonable design and selection of field monitoring instrument,low reliability of single point interlock instrument,unstable power supply of field programmable controller(PLC).PLC central processing unit(CPU),input and output module(I/O unit),communication unit,power supply module non-redundant design.A series of measures have been taken,such as reforming field test instrument,optimizing interlocking logic,adopting dual redundant DCS controller and upgrading power supply stability of central processing unit(CPU).After the transformation,the refrigeration unit runs normally,the number of unplanned shutdowns is reduced,and a solid foundation is laid for the stable and long-term operation of the chemical production unit.

关 键 词：仪表控制系统 DCS 解决措施 联锁控制 

分 类 号：TQ056[化学工程]