应急医疗设备维修权与生命健康权的冲突和调适  

The Conflict and Adjustment Between the Right to Repair Emergency Medical Equipment and the Right to Life and Health

作　　者：占令仪 宋晓亭 Zhan Lingyi;Song Xiaoting(Shanghai International College of Intellectual Property,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院,上海200092

出　　处：《卫生法学》2025年第1期16-24,共9页Health Law

摘　　要：2019年底发生的国际公共卫生紧急事件,凸显了应急医疗设备维修权和生命健康权之间的矛盾冲突。应急医疗设备对于挽救患者生命至关重要。原制造商基于知识产权的限制、合同法的约束、对维修质量担忧以及经济损失等抗辩理由,破坏了交易公平,削减了医疗机构对其所拥有的应急医疗设备的维修权,损害了公众的生命健康权。为保护生命健康权的优先权地位,应以生命健康权的正当性为依据,借鉴美国、欧盟和澳大利亚等国家、国际组织推进维修权的经验,在维修权、生命健康权以及其他权益之间寻求合理平衡。提出应急医疗设备维修权与生命健康权调试思路和建议,对各利益方分别设置权利和义务。通过增设患者知情同意权、设立应急医疗设备分类维修方法、完善相关法律框架体系,在推进我国的维修权运动的同时健全捍卫生命健康权的体系框架。Public health emergency of international concern at the end of 2019 have highlighted the conflict between the right to repair emergency medical equipment and the right to life and health. Emergency medical equipment is critical to saving patients' lives, but the original manufacturer's defenses based on intellectual property limitations, contractual obligations, concerns about the quality of repairs, and economic losses undermine the fairness of the transaction, curtailing the right of medical organizations to repair the emergency medical equipment in their possession, and undermining the public's right to life and health. In order to protect the priority status of the right to life and health, a reasonable balance should be sought between the right to repair, the right to life and health, and other rights and interests based on the legitimacy of the right to life and health, and drawing on the experience of the United States, the European Union, and Australia in promoting the right to repair. The paper proposes ideas and suggestions for adjusting the right to repair emergency medical equipment and the right to life and health, assigning rights and obligations to each stakeholder. It advocates for the addition of patients' informed consent rights, the establishment of classified repair methods for emergency medical equipment, and the improvement of the relevant legal framework to both advance the right to repair movement in China and strengthen the system that protects the right to life and health.

关 键 词：维修权 知识产权 生命健康权 应急医疗设备 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]