医疗事故罪“严重不负责任”的认定——以罗云案为例  

The Determination of “Gross Neglect of Duty” in the Crime of Medical Malpractice——Take the Luo Yun Medical Malpractice Case as an Example

作　　者：苏雄华[1] 王慧芳 Su Xionghua;Wang Huifang(School of law,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou,Jiangri 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学法学院,江西赣州市341000

出　　处：《卫生法学》2025年第1期49-56,共8页Health Law

摘　　要：医疗事故罪构成要件中“严重不负责任”的认定是准确定罪的关键,但其在犯罪构成中内涵不清,定位不明,主观说、客观说和综合说各执一词,均忽略了新过失理论下“严重不负责任”在医疗事故罪犯罪构成中的整体考察。罗云案是牵涉“严重不负责任”认定的医疗事故罪典型案件,其争议焦点要求对“严重不负责任”进行全方位审视,结合注意义务、注意能力和行为侵害法益的严重程度,对其要件属性进行整体把握。注意义务涉及医务人员的主体身份和职责范围,注意能力需关注医务人员的知识技能和行为环境,行为侵害法益的危害后果则是医务人员违反注意义务程度的最直接体现,三者共同构成了医疗事故罪中“严重不负责任”的认定标准。The determination of “gross neglect of duty” in the crime of medical malpractice is key to accurate conviction, yet its connotation within the elements of the crime remains unclear and undefined. Subjective, objective, and comprehensive theories each offer differing views, but they all overlook the comprehensive consideration of “gross neglect of duty” within the framework of new negligence theory. The Luo Yun case, a landmark case involving the determination of “gross neglect of duty” in medical malpractice, demands a thorough examination of the concept. This study considers duty of care, the capacity to exercise care, and the severity of harm to legal interests in determining the elements of “gross neglect of duty”. The duty of care relates to the medical personnel's identity and scope of responsibilities, the capacity to exercise care involves the medical personnel's knowledge, skills, and operating environment, and the severity of harm to legal interests directly reflects the extent to which medical personnel violated their duty of care. Together, these factors constitute the criteria for determining “gross neglect of duty” in the crime of medical malpractice.

关 键 词：医疗事故罪 严重不负责任 注意义务 注意能力 法益侵害 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]