多元助剂对煤灰熔融和气化特性改善作用探究  

Exploration on Improvement Effect of Multi-Component Additives on Coal Ash Fusion and Gasification Characteristics

作　　者：陈岩 李寒旭[1,2] 宋方林 胡亚超 CHEN Yan;LI Hanxu;SONG Fanglin;HU Yachao(College of Chemical Engineering and Blasting,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;Anhui Modern Coal Processing Technology Research Institute,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽省现代煤炭加工技术研究院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《当代化工》2025年第1期81-87,共7页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：安徽省煤炭资源综合利用工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(项目编号:MTYJZX202203)。

摘　　要：选取典型的淮南高灰熔点A煤,向煤基添加Na_(2)CO_(3)、Fe_(2)O_(3)、CaO的复合助剂,利用XRF、XRD、FactSage、FT-IR、TG等探究助剂对淮南煤的助熔机理及催化作用。结果表明:添加质量分数4%的B3(m(Na)∶m(Fe)∶m(Ca)=1∶3.2∶1.6)和质量分数6%的C2(m(Na)∶m(Fe)∶m(Ca)=1∶6∶2)的助剂对助熔效果最佳,分别为1357、1287℃。这是由于三元助剂的加入,煤灰中产生了更多的低温共熔体,其中SiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)会与助熔剂中的Na_(2)O、CaO反应生成钠长石、钙长石;同时,煤灰中Al_(2)O_(3)与FeO反应生成铁尖晶石并与莫来石产生低温共融物。B3和C2煤灰熔体中Q_(2)结构单元显著增加,架状、层状硅酸盐结构被引入的碱金属离子破坏,导致网络结构解聚。B3与C2整体气化反应向低温区偏移,助剂中Na/Fe/Ca协同作用使得气化反应速率增大,并且促进了碳转化率的提高。Typical high ash melting point A coal from Huainan was selected,and the composite additives of Na_(2)CO_(3),Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO were added to the coal base,and the fluxing mechanism and catalytic effect of the additives on the Huainan coal were explored by using XRF,XRD,FactSage,FT-IR,and TG.The results showed that the addition of 4% mass ratio of B3(m(Na)∶m(Fe)∶m(Ca)=1∶3.2∶1.6)and 6% mass ratio of C2(m(Na)∶m(Fe)∶m(Ca)=1∶6∶2)had the best effect on fluxing,which were 1357℃ and 1287℃,respectively.This was due to the addition of ternary additives,more low-temperature eutectic was produced in the coal ash,in which SiO_(2)and Al2O_(3) reacted with Na_(2)O and CaO in the flux to produce sodium feldspar and calcium feldspar;at the same time,Al_(2)O_(3) in the coal ash reacted with FeO to produce ferro-spinel and low-temperature eutectic with mullite.The Q_(2) structural units in the melts of the B3 and C2 coal ashes were significantly increased,and the shelving and layered silicate structure was disrupted by the introduced alkali metal ions,leading to the depolymerization of the network structure.The overall gasification reaction of B3 and C2 was shifted to the low-temperature region,and the synergistic effect of Na/Fe/Ca in the additives led to an increase in the rate of the gasification reaction,and increased the carbon conversion rate.

关 键 词：助熔剂 高灰熔点煤 煤灰熔融温度 相平衡 熔体结构 气化 催化 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程]