中国边疆民族地区产业升级的新结构经济学分析:以新疆纺织服装产业为例  

New Structural Economics Analysis of Industrial Upgrading in China’s Frontier Ethnic Regions:A Case Study of the Textile and Garment Industry in Xinjiang

作　　者：王勇 钱婧 郭少瑛 WANG Yong;QIAN Jing;GUO Shaoying(Institute of New Structural Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Finance and Economics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学新结构经济学研究院,北京100871 [2]江苏大学财经学院,江苏镇江212000

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期69-85,共17页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University:Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目(2023J2DZ017);国家自然科学基金项目(72141301)。

摘　　要：面临复杂多变的地缘政治形势,在构建国内国际双循环新发展格局的过程中,亟须探索边疆民族地区产业升级与经济高质量发展的实现路径。以新疆纺织服装产业为例,使用新结构经济学方法进行潜在比较优势甄别,发现从新疆的自然禀赋结构、要素禀赋结构和制度禀赋结构来看,其纺织服装产业在原材料、区位交通、生产要素成本、国家政策、特殊制度等方面具有潜在比较优势。通过分析新疆纺织服装产业的上游、中游、下游产业链,梳理发展现状,提出利用制度优势承接产业转移、通过市场开拓应对外部风险等转型升级路径。在此基础上,对边疆民族地区在经济发展状况及自然、要素、制度禀赋方面的共性特征进行梳理,提出应结合边疆民族地区特殊属性与发达地区产业转进趋势、基于边疆民族地区的发展阶段与差异化特征、考虑边疆民族地区面临的地缘政治形势与制度禀赋优势对边疆民族地区产业进行分析,充分发挥因势利导作用,因地制宜推动产业升级与经济高质量发展。The world is undergoing unprecedented transformations which haven’t witnessed in a hundred years,marked by slowing global economic growth,intensified geopolitical conflicts,and the rising tide of unilateralism and protectionism,among other complex issues.Against this backdrop,the strategic importance of China’s border and ethnic regions has become increasingly prominent.These regions,often situated at the intersection of national and international dynamics,play a crucial role in shaping the country’s overall development trajectory.Their security,stability,and ability to achieve high-quality growth not only have direct implications for the broader blueprint of Chinese modernization but also carry significant weight in determining the nation’s long-term prosperity and global influence.This paper,guided by the perspective of New Structural Economics,takes the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as the primary case study and delves into how labor-intensive industries,represented by the textile and garment sector,can achieve transformation and upgrading.The aim is to provide development experiences and pathways that can serve as references for other border and ethnic regions across China.Under the theoretical framework of New Structural Economics,this paper proposes a four-step analysis framework:“factor endowments-current development status-bottleneck constraints-upgrading pathways.”Using methods such as potential comparative advantage analysis,vertical evolution analysis of industrial chains,and regional horizontal comparison analysis,the study explores Xinjiang’s potential for textile and garment industry development,the challenges it faces,and its future directions.The research findings reveal that Xinjiang’s endowment structure aligns closely with the upstream factors driving the textile and garment industry.This alignment not only creates favorable conditions for building competitive industrial advantages but also significantly influences the division of labor across the industry’s value chain and

关 键 词：新结构经济学 产业升级 边疆民族地区 禀赋结构 劳动密集型产业 纺织服装产业 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]