岩块钻孔卸压模拟试验研究及卸压机理  

On Pressure Relief Simulation Test and Mechanism of Rock Block Drilling

作　　者：刘金州 王平 江永志[1] 魏明星 喻迪 吴欢 LIU Jinzhou;WANG Ping;JIANG Yongzhi;WEI Mingxing;YU Di;WU Huan(School of Resources,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Gas and Roof Disaster Prevention and Control in Southern China,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201 [3]湖南科技大学南方煤矿瓦斯与顶板灾害预防控制安全生产重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《矿业工程研究》2024年第4期7-17,共11页Mineral Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(52174110);湖南省教育厅重点项目资助(21A0313);煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室一般项目资助(JYBSYS2021203);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目资助(2020JJ5186)。

摘　　要：针对孤岛工作面产生的高应力集聚问题,采用室内试验、理论分析等方法,对受侧向约束作用的试件进行钻孔卸压,通过改变孔径、孔深、孔间距这3个因素,研究试件钻孔卸压效果的变化规律.结果表明:卸压效果受孔径、孔间距、孔深的影响均较为明显,随着钻孔直径和深度的增加,钻孔间距的减少,试件单轴抗压强度呈下降趋势;试件加载过程中声发射的b值呈上下波动态势,岩样裂隙的发展比煤样的裂隙发展更为稳定;岩石临近破坏,振铃计数突增,能量累计数迅速上升,b值有所下降,可作为岩石破坏前兆信息,能在一定程度上预测冲击地压的发生;钻孔卸压降低了煤岩体内能量的储存,使得冲击地压发生的概率降低.In order to solve the problem of high stress concentration caused by isolated island working face,laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis are used to drill and relieve the pressure of specimens subjected to lateral constraints.By changing the three factors of aperture,hole depth and hole spacing,the variation rule of drilling and relieving pressure of specimens is studied.Results show that the pressure relief effect is significantly affected by the aperture,hole spacing and hole depth.With the increase of the diameter,depth and hole spacing,the uniaxial compressive strength value of the specimen shows a decreasing trend,that is,the pressure relief effect is positively correlated with the aperture,hole spacing and hole depth.The AE b value fluctuates up and down during the loading process,and the fracture development of rock sample is more stable than that of coal sample.When the rock is about to fail,the ringing count increases abruptly,the cumulative energy count increases rapidly,and the b value decreases,which can be used as the precursor information of rock failure,and can predict the occurrence of rock burst to a certain extent.Borehole pressure relief reduces the energy storage in coal and rock mass,which reduces the probability of rock burst.

关 键 词：侧向约束 冲击地压 钻孔卸压 声发射 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]