海南热带雨林国家公园边界河流浮游生物群落调查及多样性分析  

Investigation and Diversity Analysis of Plankton Communities in the Boundary Rivers of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

作　　者：周梦君 陈英转 潘亮 詹才驰 伍灿 常双双 温旭丁 Zhou Mengjun;Chen Yingzhuan;Pan Liang;Zhan Caichi;Wu Can;Chang Shuangshuang;Wen Xuding(Hainan Forestry Group Co.,Ltd.,Haikou Hainan570203;Hainan University,Haikou Hainan570228)

机构地区：[1]海南省林业集团有限公司,海南海口570203 [2]海南大学,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带林业》2024年第4期64-70,共7页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：海南省重大投资项目“环热带雨林国家公园旅游公路”。

摘　　要：研究选取环绕在海南热带雨林国家公园边界典型的河流,采用抽样调查的方法,明确边界河流的浮游生物资源分布。通过开展边界河流的浮游生物水生生态调查,统计浮游生物的数量特征,探讨边界河流的多样性。结果表明,浮游生物共调查鉴定出浮游植物7门,植物数量为807个(硅藻门416、蓝藻门114、绿藻门126、甲藻门45、隐藻门44、裸藻门33和金藻门29);浮游动物共鉴定出5类,动物数量为564个(原生动物109、轮虫类249、枝角类88、甲壳类29、桡足类89)。浮游植物以硅藻门和绿藻门为主导,平均生物密度为0.420×10^(6)ind./L和0.040×10^(6)ind./L,平均生物量为0.83 mg/L和0.05 mg/L,居于领先地位;浮游动物属轮虫类最为活跃,平均生物密度高达129.430 ind./L,平均生物量为0.14 mg/L,仅次于桡足类(0.11 mg/L)。浮游生物在不同河流中的生物多样性变化明显,其中计架河的浮游植物多样性(Shannon、Simpson、Pielou指数)均高于其他河流,相反,南渡江的多样性均较低,与浮游动物呈现负相关关系(南渡江的浮游动物多样性指数均高于其他河流,计架河的多样性均较低)。研究可丰富区域内的浮游生物物种组成和多样性本底数据,为保护管理提供方向。This study focused on the representative rivers surrounding the park’s boundaries and employed sampling surveys to assess plankton distribution in these areas.The investigation into aquatic ecology revealed quantitative characteristics and diversity of plankton in these boundary rivers.The results indicated that a total of seven phytoplankton with a total of 807 individuals(including 416 species of Bacillariophyta,114 of Cyanophyta,126 of Chlorophyta,45 of Pyrrophyta,44 of Cryptophyta,33 of Euglenophyta and 29 of Chrysophyceae)were identified in the survey of plankton.A total of 5 classes of zooplankton with 564 individuals(including 109 of Protozoa,249 of Rotifera,88 of Cladocera,29 of Crustacea,and 89 of Copepods)were identified.The phytoplankton was dominated by Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta,with an average biological density of 0.420×10^(6)ind./L and 0.040×10^(6)ind./L,and the average biomass of 0.83 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L,respectively.Rotifera were the most active species of zooplankton with an average biological density of 129.430 ind./L and an average biomass of 0.14 mg/L,second only to Copepods(0.11 mg/L).The differences between the biodiversity of plankton in different rivers were significant.In terms of Shannon,Simpson,and Pielou Indexes,the plankton biodiversity of Jijia River was higher than that of other rivers,while that of Nandu River was lower,which was negatively correlated to zooplankton whose diversity index of Nandu River was higher than that of other rivers and lower in Jijia River.The current investigation has the capacity to augment the foundational data on plankton species composition and diversity in the region,while also providing valuable insights for conservation management.

关 键 词：河流断面 浮游生物 物种组成 生物多样性 海南热带雨林国家公园 

分 类 号：Q179.1[生物学—水生生物学]