回火温度对12Cr12Mo钢电子束焊接接头微观组织及性能的影响  

Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of 12Cr12Mo steel electron beam welded joints

作　　者：于继洋 魏明炜 王善林[1] 柯黎明[1,2] 陈玉华 涂文斌[1] 徐睦忠[2] 余沛垌 YU Ji-yang;WEI Ming-wei;WANG Shan-lin;KE Li-ming;CHEN Yu-hua;TU Wen-bin;XU Mu-zhong;YU Pei-tong(Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Extreme Manufacturing Technology for High-end Equipment,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Paton Welding Technology Research Institute,Hangzhou 315032,China;Hangzhou Turbine Power Group Co Ltd,Hangzhou 315032,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学高端装备极端制造技术江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330063 [2]浙江巴顿焊接技术研究院,浙江杭州315032 [3]杭州汽轮动力集团股份有限公司,浙江杭州315032

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2025年第1期225-234,共10页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20232BAB204052,20232ACB204020);江西省航空构件成形与连接重点实验室开放基金(EL202103266);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划(2023C01244);江西省科技计划项目(20212AEI91004)。

摘　　要：12Cr12Mo马氏体不锈钢被广泛应用于燃气轮机叶片的制造,但其电子束焊接接头易出现组织和性能不均匀性问题。为此,研究了回火温度对12Cr12Mo马氏体不锈钢电子束焊接接头微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:经高温回火热处理,焊缝中的脆硬马氏体转变为回火索氏体。随着回火温度从650℃升高到720℃,焊缝区大角度晶界含量呈先上升后下降趋势,回火温度为690℃时回火索氏体亚板条平均尺寸最小,为0.26μm。与未回火相比,690℃回火后焊缝与母材的抗拉强度差从563 MPa缩小到58.2 MPa,显微硬度差从148 HV0.2下降到22 HV0.2,接头抗拉强度达到了845.5 MPa。当回火温度高于690℃时,回火索氏体中的亚板条结构长大,碳化物发生粗化,导致接头的拉伸强度及显微硬度均呈下降趋势。12Cr12Mo martensitic stainless steel is widely used in the manufacturing of gas turbine blades,but its electron beam welding joints are prone to uneven microstructure and properties.To this end,the effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the 12Cr12Mo martensitic stainless steel electron beam welded joints was studied.The results show that after high-temperature annealing treatment,the brittle martensite in the weld transforms into tempered sorbite.With the increase of tempering temperature from 650℃to 720℃,the content of large angle grain boundary in the weld zone increases first and then decreases.When the tempering temperature is 690℃,the average size of tempered sorbite sub-lath structure is the smallest,which is 0.26μm.Compared with untempered specimens,after tempering at 690℃,the difference in tensile strength between the weld and the base metal decreases from 563 MPa to 58.2 MPa,the difference in microhardness decreases from 148 HV0.2 to 22 HV0.2,and the tensile strength of the joint reaches 845.5 MPa.When the tempering temperature is higher than 690℃,the sub-lath structure in tempered sorbite grows up and the carbide coarsens,leading to the decrease of tensile strength and microhardness of the joints.

关 键 词：12Cr12Mo钢 电子束焊 回火温度 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG407[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG457.1