大丰沿海湿地越冬雁鸭类的种子传播网络研究  

Study on the Seed Dispersal Network of Wintering Anatidae in the Coastal Wetland of Dafeng,Jiangsu

作　　者：邰威 刘守国 李宁 刘彬[3] 王征[1] TAI Wei;LIU Shouguo;LI Ning;LIU Bin;WANG Zheng(College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,210037,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Nanjing Xiaozhuang University,Nanjing,211171,China;Management Office of Jiangsu Dafeng Pere David’s National Nature Reserve,Yancheng,224136,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生命科学学院,南京210037 [2]南京晓庄学院应用生态研究所,南京211171 [3]江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区管理处,盐城224136

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2025年第1期118-126,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金面上项目(BK20221180)。

摘　　要：雁鸭类是分布广泛、数量众多的杂食性鸟类,它们取食湿地植物种子,对湿地植物的更新和定殖尤为重要。2022年11月—2023年5月,在大丰沿海湿地4种不同生境中收集雁鸭类多样性数据,通过雁鸭类粪便中植物种子的鉴定构建种子传播网络,研究雁鸭类对植物种子的传播作用。结果显示:调查期间在大丰沿海湿地共记录雁鸭类11种;种子传播网络由4种雁鸭类及9种植物组成,呈无嵌套且模块性较低的特征;在传播网络中,斑嘴鸭(Anas zonorhyncha)传播的植物种类与数量最多;扁秆荆三棱(Bolboschoenus planiculmis)被传播的种子数量最多。研究表明,大丰沿海湿地雁鸭类种子传播网络的结构较为简单,斑嘴鸭对传播网络的贡献最大。研究结果揭示了雁鸭类的种子传播作用,进而对滨海湿地的生物多样性保护具有一定科学意义。Anatidae is a flock of omnivorous birds with extensive distribution and great amount.They usually feed on the seeds of wetland plants,which plays a crucial role in the regeneration and colonization of wetland plants.To delve deeper into the role of Anatidae in seed dispersal,we embarked on a comprehensive study in the coastal wetland of Dafeng.From November 2022 to May of the subsequent year,we systematically gathered data on the diversity of Anatidae across four dis⁃tinct habitats in the coastal wetland.Additionally,we collected their fecal samples and meticulously identified the plant spe⁃cies present.This allowed us to establish a comprehensive seed dispersal network of Anatidae.Our survey recorded a total of 11 species of Anatidae in the coastal wetland of Dafeng.The seed dispersal network was composed of four species of Anatidae and nine species of plants,with remarkable non-nested and low-modular characteristics.Within the network,Anas zonorhyncha emerged as a key player,facilitating the dispersal of the highest number of plant species and individu⁃als.Among the plants,Bolboschoenus planiculmis proved to be the most frequently dispersed species.The results indicate that the structure of the seed dispersal network of Anatidae in the coastal wetland of Dafeng is relatively simple,and Anas zonorhyncha contributes the most to the dispersal network.The results reveal the seed dispersal of Anatidae,which has certain scientific significance for the biodiversity conservation in coastal wetlands.

关 键 词：雁鸭类 植物种子 沿海湿地 种子传播网络 网络结构 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]