梅花鹿野化行为研究中最佳行为采样的时间间隔  

Time Interval for Optimal Behavior Sampling in the Study of Rewilding Behavior of Sika Deer

作　　者：邢燕 杨飞飞 张迎祥 孙一群 郑颖 王春莹 王亮 姜广顺[1] XING Yan;YANG Feifei;ZHANG Yingxiang;SUN Yiqun;ZHENG Ying;WANG Chunying;WANG Liang;JIANG Guangshun(Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Heilongjiang Taipinggou National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Hegang,154200,China;Luobei County Forest Seedlings and Forest Disease Prevention Station,Hegang,154299,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,国家林业和草原局猫科动物研究中心,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江太平沟国家级自然保护区管理局,鹤岗154200 [3]萝北县林木种苗和森林病防站,鹤岗154299

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2025年第1期186-193,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2023YFF1305002)。

摘　　要：梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)是温带森林中的重要有蹄类动物,亦是东北虎(Panthera tigris altaica)捕食的主要猎物之一。黑龙江太平沟国家级自然保护区作为东北虎跨境廊道,其野生梅花鹿种群在20世纪80年代已经野外灭绝,在保护区内,拟通过对圈养梅花鹿的行为野化,促进梅花鹿野外种群的快速恢复。然而,在行为研究过程中,瞬时扫描取样法虽然被广泛运用,但瞬时扫描具体采样间隔的科学性研究较少。因此,本研究在5、10、15、20、30、60 min不同采样间隔内得到梅花鹿的不同行为持续时间,使用线性回归的方法将不同行为持续时间进行两两比较,依据R^(2)≥0.9、截距与0无显著差异(P>0.05)、斜率与1无显著差异(P>0.05)3个标准衡量采样间隔是否可以准确估计行为的持续时间,进而确定最佳采样间隔。结果表明:运动行为最佳采样间隔为5 min,休息、摄食、社会和其他4类行为的最佳采样间隔为10 min,反刍、警戒和站立行为最佳采样间隔为15 min。本研究成果有助于确保行为数据收集的科学性,提升数据收集的效率。Sika deer(Cervus nippon)is an important ungulate animal in temperate forests,and also one of the main prey for the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altica).The wild sika deer population of Heilongjiang Taipinggou National Nature Re⁃serve,which serves as a cross-border corridor for the Amur tiger was extinct in the 1980s.It has been planned to promote the rapid recovery of the wild population of sika deer through the domestication of captive sika deer behavior within the re⁃serve.However,the instantaneous scanning sampling method has been widely used in behavioral research,but there is relatively little scientific research on the specific sampling interval of instantaneous scanning.Therefore,the different behav⁃ioral durations of sika deer were obtained at different sampling intervals of five min and 10,15,20,30,60 min.The linear regression method was used to compare the different behavioral durations in pairs.The three criteria,R^(2)≥0.9,intercept no significant difference from 0(P>0.05),and slope no significant difference from 1(P>0.05),were used to measure whether the sampling interval can accurately estimate the duration of the behavior,and then determine the optimal sampling interval.The results indicated that the optimal sampling interval for locomotive behavior was five min,the optimal sampling interval for resting,feeding,social,and miscellaneous behaviors was 10 min,and the optimal sampling interval for ruminat⁃ing,vigilance and standing behavior was 15 min.The findings of the study help to ensure the scientific collection of behav⁃ioral data and improve the efficiency of data collection.

关 键 词：梅花鹿行为 瞬时扫描取样法 最佳采样间隔 野化训练 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]