某型柴油机活塞裙裂纹原因分析  

Analysis of Causes of Cracks in Piston Skirt of a Certain Type of Diesel Engine

作　　者：赵东升 高向花 周海兴 Zhao Dong-sheng;Gao Xiang-hua;Zhou Hai-xing(Naval Armament Department;Shaanxi Diesel Heavy Industry Company Ltd.,Shaanxi Xingping 713105)

机构地区：[1]海军装备部 [2]陕西柴油机重工有限公司,陕西兴平713105

出　　处：《内燃机与配件》2025年第1期33-35,共3页Internal Combustion Engine & Parts

摘　　要：本文针对某型柴油机实船运行过程发生的活塞裙裂纹故障,利用故障树分析方法,从零部件制造质量、运行参数、工作负荷等方面进行原因排查和分析,分析表明,实船运行过程中过高的轴功率使柴油机工作超出持续运行区域,柴油机长时间运行在超负荷大扭矩工况下导致活塞裙产生裂纹。通过对故障原因进行分析,提出了改进和预防措施,有利于避免类似故障地再次发生。并阐明柴油机超负荷运行的定义、现象,超负荷的界定和主要危害,提出了合理选择负荷、控制负荷变化、加强维护保养、配备保护装置、进行合理操作等预防措施,有利于降低柴油机超负荷的风险,确保其稳定、安全、高效地运行。This article focuses on the piston skirt crack fault that occurred during the operation of a certain type of diesel engine on board.Using the fault tree analysis method,the causes are investigated and analyzed from the aspects of component manufacturing quality,operating parameters,and working load.The analysis shows that excessive shaft power during the operation of the ship causes the diesel engine to exceed the continuous operating area,and the diesel engine operates for a long time under overload and high torque conditions,resulting in the occurrence of piston skirt cracks.By analyzing the cause of the malfunction and proposing improvement and preventive measures,it is beneficial to prevent similar malfunctions from happening again.And clarify the definition and phenomenon of diesel engine overload,propose preventive measures such as reasonable selection of load,control of load changes,strengthening maintenance,equipping protective devices,and conducting reasonable operations,which are conductive to reducing the risk of diesel engine overload and ensuring its stable,safe,and efficient operation.

关 键 词：柴油机 活塞裙 裂纹 原因分析 

分 类 号：TK428[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]