基于SRAP和ISSR标记的花椒种质资源遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Germplasm Resources Based on SRAP and ISSR Markers

作　　者：李晋华 汪志燚 王少铭[1,2] 冷家归 侯颖辉 罗莉斯[1,2] 李德文[1,2] LI Jinhua;WANG Zhiyi;WANG Shaoming;LENG Jiagui;HOU Yinghui;LUO Lisi;LI Dewen(Institute of Spice Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Institute of Oil Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院香料研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院油料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2025年第1期10-18,30,共10页Seed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1601700);国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1601711);贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目(黔农科一般基金[2025]46)。

摘　　要：为探究国内花椒种质资源遗传多样性及群体结构,本研究采用ISSR和SRAP分子标记技术对48份花椒资源进行遗传多样性、亲缘关系及群体结构分析。结果表明,利用筛选的6对SRAP、7条ISSR引物分别扩增出43条、56条多态性条带,多态性比率分别为87.73%、88.89%;48份花椒种质材料的平均Nei's遗传多样性指数为0.4372,平均Shannon's信息指数为0.6217。根据不同来源地,对8个花椒群体进行遗传多样性分析,遗传多样性排序表现为贵州省遵义市群体>陕西省群体>四川省群体>贵州省黔西南州群体>江西省群体>贵州省铜仁市群体>贵州省黔东南州群体>贵州省贵阳市群体;分子遗传变异分析表明,在花椒种质资源总遗传变异中,92%的变异发生在种源内,只有8%的变异发生在种源间;Structure群体遗传结构和UPGMA聚类结果表明,种源间存在中等程度的基因交流现象。利用SRAP和ISSR标记可以对花椒种质资源进行较高效的多态性检出,花椒种质资源的种间遗传分化明显,而同一种类不同来源地资源的遗传分化较小。In order to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources in China,the genetic diversity,genetic relationship and population structure of 48 Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources were analyzed by ISSR and SRAP moecular marker technology.The results showed that 43 polymorphic bands and 56 polymorphic bands were amplified by 6 pairs of SRAP and 7 ISSR primers,respectively,and the polymorphism ratio was 87.73%and 88.89%.The mean Nei's diversity index and the mean Shannon's information index were 0.4372 and 0.6217 respectively.The genetic diversity of 8 Zanthoxylum bungeanum populations was analyzed according to different origins,including of Zunyi population Guizhou province>Shaanxi population>Sichuan population>Qianxinan population of Guizhou>Jiangxi population>Tongren population of Guizhou>Qiandongnanzhou population of Guizhou>Guiyang population of Guizhao.Molecular genetic variation analysis showed that 92%of the genetic variation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources occurred within provenances,and only 8%occurred between provenances.The results of population genetic Structure and UPGMA clustering showed that there was a moderate degree of gene exchange among provenances.The polymorphism of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources could be detected efficiently by SRAP and ISSR markers.The genetic differentiation of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources was obvious among species,while the genetic differentiation of different sources of the same species was small.

关 键 词：花椒 SRAP分子标记 ISSR分子标记 遗传多样性 群体结构分析 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]