干旱胁迫下贵州野生大豆种子萌发微结构观察  

Observation on Seed Germination Microstructure of Wild Glycine max in Guizhou under Drought Stress

作　　者：徐熙 何兵 谭春燕[1] 朱星陶[1] 陈佳琴[1] 杨春杰 娄利娇 龚锡震 XU Xi;HE Bing;TAN Chunyan;ZHU Xingtao;CHEN Jiaqin;YANG Chunjie;LOU Lijiao;GONG Xizhen(Oil Crops Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院油料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2025年第1期170-177,共8页Seed

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般188);贵州省农业科学院博士基金项目(黔农科青年基金[2023]11号);贵州省农科院项目(黔农科院青年基金[2021]06号;南方高油高产大豆新品种设计与培养(2023ZD0403403-7));国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-04-CES28);贵州省山地农业关键核心技术攻关项目(GZNYGJHX-2023015);贵州省科研机构创新能力建设项目(黔科合服企[2023]006)。

摘　　要：为了解干旱胁迫下贵州野生大豆种子萌发形态结构,本研究通过PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫环境,以贵州野生大豆gyys1、gyys2、gyys3为材料,与贵州栽培大豆qd10进行对比,采用种子发芽试验、测定生理指标和扫描电镜对贵州野生大豆抗旱特征进行研究。结果表明,20%PEG-6000溶液处理下,野生大豆发芽势、发芽率显著高于栽培大豆,在种子萌发吸水阶段,干旱胁迫下贵州野生大豆的种脐变化程度较小,而栽培大豆种脐在干旱胁迫下明显变小。贵州野生大豆与栽培大豆种皮及种脐结构相同,但野生大豆种皮明显薄于栽培大豆,且野生大豆种皮厚度和结构在干旱胁迫处理下变化不大,栽培大豆在干旱胁迫下种皮明显变薄,推测干旱胁迫影响了柱状细胞和薄壁细胞的吸水膨胀,种脐受到干旱胁迫影响,吸胀作用减弱,导致水分进入种子内部速率变低,种子发芽率受到影响。In order to understand the morphological structure of wild Glycine max seed germination in Guizhou under drought stress,in this study,PEG-6000 was used to simulate drought stress environment,and the wild Glycine max gyys1,gyys2 and gyys3 were compared with cultivated Glycine max qd10 of Guizhou.Seed germination test,physiological indexes and scanning electron microscope were used to study the drought resistance characteristics of wild Glycine max in Guizhou.The results showed that the germination potential and germination rate of wild Glycine max were significantly higher than that of cultivated Glycine max under 20%PEG-6000 solution.In the stage of seed germination and water absorption,the seed umbilical changes of wild Glycine max under drought stress were small,while cultivated Glycine max seed umbilical changes under drought stress were significantly smaller.The seed coat and seed umbilical structure of wild Glycine max in Guizhou were the same as that of cultivated Glycine max,but the seed coat of wild Glycine max was significantly thinner than that of cultivated Glycine max,and the seed coat thickness and structure of wild Glycine max did not change much under drought stress,while the seed coat of cultivated Glycine max was significantly thinner under drought stress.It was speculated that drought stress affected the water absorption and expansion of columnar cells and parenchyma cells,and the seed umbilical was affected by drought stress and the imbibition effect was weakened,which led to the rate of water entering the seed low,and the germination rate of the seed affected.

关 键 词：野生大豆 干旱胁迫 种子萌发 微结构 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]