优质早熟薏苡新品种贵农薏5号的选育与应用  

Breeding and Application of a High-quality and Early-maturing Coix lacryma-jobi L.New Cultivar Guinongyi No.5

作　　者：李秀诗 付瑜华 尚昆 蒙秋伊 敖茂宏 杨玲玲 周祥 LI Xiushi;FU Yuhua;SHANG Kun;MENG Qiuyi;AO Maohong;YANG Lingling;ZHOU Xiang(Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院亚热带作物研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2025年第1期204-210,共7页Seed

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般183、黔科合成果[2024]一般086);贵州省农业科学院项目(黔农科院青年科技基金[2020]06号、黔农科院国基后补助[2021]58号、黔农科种质资源[2023]08号);黔西南州科技支撑计划项目(2022-1-16)。

摘　　要：贵农薏5号是以兴仁小白壳为母本,安国薏苡为父本进行杂交,历经3年6代,定向选择而成的早熟、矮杆、丰产性较好的优良单株的培育品种,于2023年通过贵州省非主要农作物品种认定委员会认定。贵农薏5号属于中早熟品种,生育期144.1 d,株型直立,株高178.2 cm,种仁棕色,总苞黄白色,卵圆形,百粒重为10.77 g。在2021-2022年的区域试验中,其折合平均产量为4568.03 kg/hm^(2),比对照增产576.08 kg/hm^(2),增产率为14.43%,具有较好的丰产性和适应性。营养成分组成合理,尤其是粗脂肪(8.18%)、类黄酮(4.25 mg/g)、三油酸甘油酯(6.86 mg/g)和总氨基酸含量(2.26 mg/g)高于对照兴仁小白壳,且与其他审定和认定薏苡品种存在基因遗传位点差异。适宜贵州海拔800~1600 m区域春播种植。Guinongyi No.5 is a hybrid of Xingrenxiaobaike as the female parent and Anguo as the male parent.After 3 years and 6 generations,which was selected as an excellent single strain with early maturity,low stalk and good yield.It was approved by Guizhou Non-Major Crop Varieties Identification Committee in 2023.Guinongyi No.5 was a medium early maturing variety with a growth period of 144.1 days.The plant type was upright,the plant height was 178.2 cm,the seed kernel was brown,the involucbract was yellowish white,oval,and the 100-grain weight was 10.77 g.In the regional test from 2021 to 2022,the equivalent average yield was 4568.03 kg/hm^(2),which was 576.08 kg/hm^(2)higher than the control yield,and the yield increase rate was 14.43%,showing good yield and adaptability.The nutritional composition was reasonable,especially the contents of crude fat(8.18%),flavonoids(4.25 mg/g),triglyceride(6.86 mg/g)and total amino acid(2.26 mg/g)were higher than those of the control,and there were genetic differences between Coix lacryma-jobi L.and other approved varieties.It was suitable for spring planting at an altitude of 800-1600 m in Guizhou.

关 键 词：贵农薏5号 早熟 选育 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]