“脱颖而出”之“颖”字研究  

A Study on the Interpretation of Ying颖in Tuoyingerchu脱颖而出

作　　者：袁舫 言实 YUAN Fang;YAN Shi

机构地区：[1]商务印书馆汉语编辑中心,100710 [2]中国社会科学院大学语用系,100010

出　　处：《汉语学报》2025年第1期120-128,共9页Chinese Linguistics

摘　　要：“脱颖而出”之“颖”在现代辞书中,或释“锥子尖”,或释“嵌锥针的两片铁或环”,或释“锥子上的环”,莫衷一是,给读者造成困惑。本文对与“脱颖而出”所出时代较接近的古代文献中“颖”的用例及其相关注疏进行梳理,并依据古文字形,结合其他古代文献,分析“颖”的本义,认为其本义为禾穗;又从词义引申的一般规律出发,从时间维度引申和空间维度引申构建“颖”的意义系统;最后,从逻辑、事理、语法、音韵、词汇等方面论证“脱颖而出”之“颖”义为锥针(锥桯)。In modern Chinese dictionaries,ying颖in the set phrase tuoyingerchu脱颖而出is interpreted as“the point of an awl”,“the two pieces of iron or the ring holding the needle of an awl”,or“the ring on an awl”,and these different interpretations have caused confusion among readers.Based on the sentences with ying collected from the ancient literature close to the time when tuoyingerchu appeared,the paper analyzes the original meaning of ying according to its written form in the ancient times and other related ancient literature.It is believed that the original meaning of ying is“the ear of rice”.Starting from the general rules of semantic extension,the paper constructs the meaning system of the character ying from two aspects:temporal extension and spatial extension.Finally,from the perspectives of logic,reasoning,grammar,phonetics,vocabulary,etc.,it is argued that the meaning of ying is“the needle of an awl”.

关 键 词：“脱颖而出” “颖”字的意义 词义引申 意义系统构建 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]