大规模分布式光伏接入石化企业对配电网安全影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Large-scale Distributed Photovoltaic Access to Petrochemical Enterprises on Distribution Network Security

作　　者：王美威 张洪阳 李君 陶丽楠 孙阳 Wang Meiwei;Zhang Hongyang;Li Jun;Tao Linan;Sun Yang(SINOPEC(Dalian)Petrochemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Liaoning,Dalian,116045)

机构地区：[1]中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116045

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2025年第1期16-23,共8页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52241702),可再生能源直流离网制氢系统电能传输变换与协同保护控制关键技术。

摘　　要：大规模分布式光伏接入对石化企业带来的电网潮流、电能质量改变是企业电力安全稳定供给的重要影响因素。结合某光伏电站接入企业配电网案例,开展了光伏并网前后对企业配电网电压波动、短路电流、谐波、低电压穿越、并网点故障特性等方面的安全影响分析。结果表明,光伏并网点越靠近系统首端即较高电压等级时,系统电压波动和谐波畸变率越小,且在光伏接入容量一定的情况下,光伏送出线路长度存在极限值;同一支路上,越靠近光伏并网点引起的电压波动越明显,对相邻支路电压基本无影响;光伏并网点母线短路电流基本等于网侧与光伏侧提供的短路电流之和;低电压穿越阶段光伏逆变器无功出力增加,对并网点提供暂态电压支撑,支撑能力随光伏逆变器容量增加而提高。本算例及结论可为大规模分布式光伏接入企业电网规划和运行等提供参考和指导意见。The large-scale distributed photovoltaic access brings significant changes in power grid flow and power quality to petrochemical enterprises,which is an important factor affecting the safe and stable supply of electricity for these enterprises.Based on a case study of a photovoltaic power station connected to an enterprise′s distribution network,a safety impact analysis was conducted on voltage fluctuations,short-circuit currents,harmonics,low voltage ride through,and fault characteristics at the grid connection point before and after photovoltaic grid connection.The results indicated that the closer the photovoltaic grid connection point was to the system head,i.e.at a higher voltage level,the smaller the system voltage fluctuation and harmonic distortion rate.Moreover,under a certain photovoltaic access capacity,there was a limit to the length of the photovoltaic transmission line.On the same branch,the voltage fluctuations caused by being closer to the photovoltaic grid connection point were more pronounced,and had little effect on the voltage of adjacent branches.The short-circuit current of the photovoltaic grid connection point busbar was basically equal to the sum of the short-circuit currents provided by the grid side and the photovoltaic side.During the low voltage ride through phase,the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter increased,providing transient voltage support to the grid connection point.The support capacity was proportional to the capacity of the photovoltaic inverter.This example and conclusion can provide reference and guidance for large-scale distributed photovoltaic access enterprise power grid planning and operation.

关 键 词：分布式光伏 电压波动 谐波 短路电流 低电压穿越 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]