大罐抽气装置运行问题分析及对策研究  

Problems Analysis and Countermeasure Research on Operation of Large Tank Evacuating Equipments

作　　者：李增强 李云飞 姜丽 周莱三 Li Zengqiang;Li Yunfei;Jiang Li;Zhou Laisan(Safety,Environmental Protection and Quality Management Department,SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company,Shandong,Dongying,257100;Technical Testing Center,SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company,Shandong,Dongying,257100;Dongxin Oil Production Plant,SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company,Shandong,Dongying,257100)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司安全环保质量管理部,山东东营257100 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司技术检测中心,山东东营257100 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司东辛采油厂,山东东营257100

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2025年第1期44-49,共6页Safety Health & Environment

摘　　要：油田集输站库大罐抽气装置是利用气相平衡原理,将油罐中油品挥发的气态烃回收的工艺过程,是控制固定顶罐甲烷和VOCs排放的重要设备,但在实际运行过程中存在多种问题,影响系统正常运行。依托国内某油田大罐抽气装置运行实际,阐述了装置基本工作原理,并随机选取联合站库,通过对装置投运前后储油罐呼吸气量连续监测,计算呼吸气去除效率,验证装置的普适性。针对个别站库装置投运后不能达标排放的问题,全面调研某油田在用大罐抽气装置运行状况,从源头设计、运行管理、设备维护等方面系统分析装置、设备及前后流程存在的典型问题,理清问题产生原因或机理,结合理论分析,针对性提出了运行及改进的措施建议。The gas extraction device of large tank in oil gathering and transportation station is a process of recovering gaseous hydrocarbon volatilized by oil in oil tank by using the principle of gas phase balance.It is an important equipment for controlling methane and VOCs emission from fixed roof tank.However,there are many problems in the actual operation process,which affect the normal operation of the system.Based on the operation practice of a large tank pumping device in an oil field in China,the basic working principle of the device was described,and a joint station was randomly selected to continuously monitor the breathing volume of the oil tank before and after the device was put into operation to calculate the breathing gas removal efficiency and verify the universality of the device.Aiming at the problem that the discharge of individual station storage device failed to meet the standard after putting into operation,the operation status of the large tank pumping device in an oilfield was comprehensively investigated,and the typical problems existing in the device,equipment and the process before and after the system were analyzed from the aspects of source design,operation management and equipment maintenance,etc.,the causes or mechanisms of the problems were clarified,and the operation and improvement measures were put forward according to the theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：油田集输站库 大罐抽气 VOCS 治理措施 油气处理 储油罐 

分 类 号：TE972[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]