单质硫强化城市污水反硝化除磷效能研究  

Study on the Efficiency of Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal in Municipal Wastewater Enhanced by Elemental Sulfur

作　　者：周淼 周立昌 程伯夷 郭刚 ZHOU Miao;ZHOU Lichang;CHENG Boyi;GUO Gang(Department of School of Environmental Science and Engineering,University of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2025年第1期181-190,共10页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划资助项目(2022BCA065);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFC3207203);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52100040)。

摘　　要：炼油、制革等行业排放的含硫废水,经处理后可得到较多廉价单质硫(S^(0))。近年来,有较多研究报道使用廉价硫源增强污水的反硝化脱氮效能,但关于硫源促进生物除磷过程的研究相对较少。因此,在进水碳源浓度为200 mg/L(以COD计)时,先使用厌氧/好氧交替运行模式构建反硝化除磷系统,随后每周期向反应器中投加S^(0) 67.5 mg/L,探究其强化反硝化除磷效能的可行性。结果表明,在厌氧阶段强化还原环境下投加S^(0),有利于厌氧释磷,同时在缺氧阶段作为电子供体补充了电子。此外,投加S^(0)可降低微生物丰富度和多样性,也可降低聚糖菌的相对活性,同时使得硫细菌Thiothrix相对丰度提升至18.5%~23.6%。由此,投加S^(0)后除磷率由92.3%±9.7%提升至97.2%±1.9%,均值更高且波动更小,硝酸盐的去除量由50 mg/L(以N计)提升到62 mg/L(以N计)左右;在缺氧阶段,硫酸盐生成量由1.4 mg S/L逐渐上升至13.6 mg S/L,明显高于厌氧阶段。典型周期实验中,乙酸盐均在60 min消耗完,表明系统除碳效果良好;硝酸盐可在30 min内被快速消耗至较低浓度,表明反应器硝酸盐去除率高、脱氮效果稳定;S^(0)投加可强化厌氧释磷,其对厌氧释磷的贡献率约为26%;1 mg N/L的硝酸盐对应的吸磷量由0.895 mg P/L提高至1.207 mg P/L,S^(0)对于反硝化除磷的贡献率为25.9%。The treatment of sulfur-containing wastewater from industries such as petroleum refineries and tanneries can produce significant amounts of low-cost elemental sulfur(S^(0)).In recent years,numerous studies have investigated the use of inexpensive sulfur sources to improve denitrification and nitrogen removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment.However,there has been relatively less research on enhancing phosphorus removal through sulfur sources.Therefore,when the influent carbon source concentration was 200 mg/L(in terms of COD),the anaerobic/aerobic operation mode was first used to acclimate traditional enhanced biological phosphorus removal sludge.Nitrate was then added at the end of each anaerobic period to establish a denitrifying phosphorus removal system.Finally,67.5 mg/L of S^(0) was added to the reactor in each cycle to assess its impact on enhancing the denitrifying phosphorus removal performance.The results demonstrated that the addition of S^(0) enhanced the reductive environment during the anaerobic phase,facilitating anaerobic phosphorus release,and it served as an electron donor during the anoxic phase.Furthermore,the addition of S^(0) could reduce microbial richness and diversity,leading to decreased relative activities among glycogen-accumulating organisms,whereas there was an increase in the relative abundance of Thiothrix bacteria,increasing from 18.5%to 23.6%.Consequently,the phosphorus removal rate increased from 92.3%±9.7% to 97.2%±1.9%,with a higher average and reduced fluctuation;nitrate removal increased from 50 mg N/L to approximately 62 mg N/L.Sulfate production increased from 1.4 mg S/L to 13.6 mg S/L in the anoxic stage,which was significantly higher than the sulfate production in the anaerobic stage.Following the addition of S^(0) each cycle,only sulfate was detected,while no sulfide or thiosulfate was found,indicating sulfur oxidation occurred,with almost no sulfur reduction in the reactor.In the typical cycle experiments,acetate was completely consumed within 60 minutes,suggestin

关 键 词：单质硫 反硝化 除磷 Thiothrix 含硫废水 硫细菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]