17世纪法国王朝政府治理贫困  

The Poverty Governance of the Bourbon Dynasty in 17th Century France

作　　者：詹娜[1] ZHAN Na

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2025年第1期17-29,M0003,M0004,共15页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“近代早期法国济贫模式及其成效研究”(24BSS029)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：17世纪法国农业凋敝、战争频繁,导致贫困人口剧增,流浪人口不断涌入巴黎等地,引发社会混乱,教会主导的慈善机构无法应对庞大的贫困人群。宗教改革后,教会主张采用管理和教育手段引导穷人。为了维持社会稳定,1612年巴黎政府成立皮蒂救济院,1656年国王政府建立了总救济院,集中收治贫困人群,强制劳作,在一定程度上缓解了贫困压力,巩固了王权统治。17世纪法国王朝政府治理贫困兼有惩戒和援助性质,极大地影响了此后的法国济贫模式。In the 17th century,the decline in agriculture and frequent wars led to a dramatic increase in poverty in France.The constant influx of vagrants into Paris and other places triggered social chaos,with church-led charities unable to cope with the huge number of poor people.After the Reformation,the Church advocated the use of management and education to guide the poor.In order to maintain social stability,the Paris government established the Hôpital de la Pitie in 1612,and the King’s government established the General Relief Institute in 1656,which centralized reception and administration of the poor,and forced labor,to some extent alleviating the pressure of poverty and consolidating the rule of the king.In the 17th century,the poverty governance of the Bourbon Dynasty had both the nature of assistance and punishment,demonstrating the characteristics of secularization and administration,which greatly influenced the mode of poverty relief in France thereafter.

关 键 词：17世纪法国 贫困治理 救济院 

分 类 号：D756.5[政治法律—政治学] K565.3[政治法律—中外政治制度]