霍菲尔德基本法律概念体系化的实质性进路——对《司法推理中应用的基本法律概念》的诠释性解读  

The Substantive Approach to Systematizing Hohfeld's Fundamental Legal Conceptions——Interpretation of Some Fundamental Legal Conceptions Applied in Judicial Reasoning

作　　者：陈多旺 Chen Duowang

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2025年第1期168-179,共12页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“同案同判的方法论研究”(20FFXB001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：霍菲尔德从司法实践中提炼出用于复杂法律利益分析的基本法律概念。他分别以权利和权力为核心,依据相关和相反两条逻辑线索,阐述了“权利、特权、义务、无权利”和“权力、豁免、责任、无权力”两组概念矩阵各自的内部关联,却并未对两组概念矩阵之间的关系作出说明。学者多从哈特的法律规则论出发对霍氏理论的未尽事宜进行补充疏释。然而,哈特的法律规则理论与霍氏的基本法律概念理论并不兼容,它并不是诠释霍氏理论体系的当然法律观。解决霍菲尔德留下的理论难题,应该从霍氏理论体系自身特点入手,既要看到其对基本逻辑规律的遵循,又要看到其在实质利益调整上的思路以及对正当性价值的肯认,辅之以这些实质性内容才能对基本法律概念体系给出相对完满的诠释。Hohfeld extracted fundamental legal conceptions for complex legal interest analysis from judicial practice, focusing on right and power. He elaborated on the internal relationships between the two concept matrices of “right, privilege, duty, no-right” and “power, immunity, liability, disability”, based on relevant and opposite logical clues, but he did not explain the relationship between the two concept matrices.Scholars often try to supplement and interpret the unaccomplished parts of Hohfeld's theory from Hart's legal rules theory. However, Hart's theory of legal rules is not compatible with Hohfeld's theory of fundamental legal conceptions, and it is not a natural legal view for interpreting Hohfeld's theoretical system. The right way to solve the theoretical di ffi culties left by Hohfeld should be to study the characteristics of his theoretical system itself,not only on its adherence to basic logical laws, but also the ideas on adjusting substantive interests and the recognition of legitimate values. Only with these substantive contents can we provide a relatively complete interpretation of his fundamental legal conceptions system.

关 键 词：基本法律概念 体系化 法律利益 实质利益 正当性 

分 类 号：D916[政治法律—法学]