非均衡受热下青藏高原航站楼太阳能热量迁移及其空间模式优化  

Solar Heat Migration and Spatial Mode Optimisation of Airport Terminals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Under Unbalanced Heating

作　　者：李欣[1,2] 成辉[1,2] 刘加平[1,2,3] 赵元超[4] LI Xin;CHENG Hui;LIU Jiaping;ZHAO Yuanchao(State Key Laboratory of Green Building,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology;College of Architecture,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology;Chinese Academy of Engineering;China Northwest Architecture Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]绿色建筑全国重点实验室/西安建筑科技大学 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院 [3]中国工程院 [4]中国建筑西北设计研究院

出　　处：《世界建筑》2025年第2期41-45,共5页World Architecture

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目编号:2023-JC-YB-369;国家重点研发计划项目编号:2022YFC3802701;中国国家留学基金项目编号:201907835001。

摘　　要：青藏高原航站楼的非均衡受热问题极为突出,表现为太阳直接辐射的差异化时空分布。即上部、南向、日间极佳,而下部、北向、夜间极差。极差区域与时段的热负荷,是造成在地航站楼能耗巨大的根源。因此,如何通过上→下、南→北、日→夜的热量迁移实现削峰填谷,是解决非均衡受热下上述建筑节能的有效途径。本文依循“空间模块研发—空间模式优化—空间模式应用”的逻辑展开研究。以建筑空间为载体,以热量迁移为目标,研发两者耦合下的“集热、蓄热、供热、保温”空间模块;基于航站楼建筑原型,整合上述空间模块,优化在地航站楼空间组织模式;运用ANSYS Fluent软件,模拟、比较空间组织模式优化前后的热量分布,验证空间模式优化的有效性。旨在通过改善非均衡受热问题,提升无机械设备工况下室内热环境,达成青藏高原航站楼运维阶段节能降碳的目的。The characteristics of unbalanced heating of airport terminals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are very significant,and unbalanced heating is manifested as the differentiated spatial temporal distribution of direct solar radiation.That is,heat is excessive in the upper part,in the south-facing direction,and during the day,while it is insufficient in the lower part,in the north-facing direction,and during the night.The heat load of zones and periods with poor heating is the root cause of the significant energy consumption of airport terminals in this area.Therefore,how to achieve peak cutting and valley filling through heat migration from upwards to downwards,south to north,and day to night is an effective way to address the energy conservation challenges of airport terminals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under unbalanced heating.This paper follows the logic of"space module development-space mode optimisation-space mode application".Firstly,the building space was taken as the carrier and the heat migration was taken as the guide;space modules of"heat collection,heat storage,heat supply,and heat preservation"were established by combining building space and heat migration.Secondly,based on the building prototype of airport terminals,the above space modules were integrated to optimise the spatial mode of the local airport terminals.Finally,the software AN SYS Fluent was used to simulate and compare the heat distribution before and after the optimisation of the spatial mode,and the effectiveness of spatial mode optimisation was verified.The aim is to improve the indoor thermal environment without mechanical equipment by addressing the problem of unbalanced heating and achieving energy conservation and carbon reduction in the operation of airport terminals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：非均衡受热 青藏高原 航站楼 热量迁移 空间模式 

分 类 号：TU2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]