2014-2023年湖北省十堰市竹溪县肺结核流行特征分析  

Epidemiologic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhuxi County, Shiyan City (2014-2023)

作　　者：杨艳 董文 陈建军 张玉[2] Yang Yan;Dong Wen;Chen Jianjun;Zhang Yu(Department for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shiyan City,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442300,China;Department for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省十堰市竹溪县疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,十堰442300 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治研究所,武汉430079

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2025年第1期40-45,共6页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

摘　　要：目的:分析2014—2023年湖北省十堰市竹溪县肺结核登记情况及特征,为全县结核病防控提供科学依据。方法:通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“结核病信息管理系统”收集2014—2023年竹溪县肺结核患者登记信息,包括人口学基本信息、患者发现方式、病原学结果等,采用描述性流行病学方法对资料进行分析。结果:竹溪县2014—2023年累计登记肺结核2210例,其中,病原学阳性患者1147例(51.90%),病原学阴性患者1063例(48.10%)。肺结核年均登记率为72.42/10万,整体呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=6.104,P<0.01),年递降率为2.25%。患者来源以因症就诊为主,占97.56%(2156/2210)。2210例患者中,以12月份登记患者数最多(11.00%,243/2210),1月份登记患者数最少(5.38%,119/2210)。年均登记率第一位的乡镇是兵营镇(92.82/10万,106例)。登记肺结核患者中,男女之比为3.34∶1(1701/509);男性年均登记率为108.54/10万,高于女性年均登记率(34.36/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=575.217,P<0.01)。年龄分布方面,0~14岁人群占1.27%(28/2210),15~64岁人群占81.49%(1801/2210),65岁及以上人群占17.24%(381/2210)。职业分布以农民为主(85.66%,1893/2210),其次为学生(4.75%,105/2210)。结论:竹溪县肺结核疫情防控形势严峻,应因地制宜采取综合防治措施,加强对重点地区和重点人群的结核病防控工作。Objective:To examine the epidemiological trends and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Zhuxi County,Shiyan City,over a ten-year period(2014-2023)and to provide scientific evidence to guide PTB prevention and control efforts.Methods:Data on PTB cases registered in Zhuxi County from 2014 to 2023 were retrieved from the“Tuberculosis Information Management System,”a component of the“Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.”Collected variables included demographic characteristics,case detection methods,and etiological findings.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data.Results:From 2014 to 2023,a total of 2210 PTB cases were registered in Zhuxi County,comprising 1147 pathogen-positive cases(51.90%)and 1063 pathogen-negative cases(48.10%).The average annual registration rate was 72.42/100000,demonstrating a significant overall decline over the study period(χ^(2)_(ternd end)=6.104,P<0.01),with an average annual reduction rate of 2.25%.The majority of cases(97.56%,2156/2210)were identified through symptomatic presentations and subsequent medical consultations.Seasonal variations were observed,with December recording the highest number of registrations(11.00%,243/2210)and January the lowest(5.38%,119/2210).The highest annual registration rate for tuberculosis was observed in Yingying Town,with 92.82/100000(106 cases in total).Among the registered patients,the male-to-female ratio was 3.34∶1(1701/509).The average annual registration rate for males was 108.54/100000,significantly higher than that for females at 34.36/100000(χ^(2)=575.217,P<0.01).Age distribution analysis revealed that individuals aged 0-14 years accounted for 1.26%(28/2210)of the cases,those aged 15-64 years constituted 81.48%(1801/2210),and individuals aged 65 years and older comprised 17.24%(381/2210).Occupationally,the majority of patients were farmers(85.66%,1893/2210),followed by students(4.75%,105/2210).Conclusion:The prevention and control of PTB in Zhuxi County remain a significant p

关 键 词：结核 肺 流行病学研究 流行病学因素 传染病控制 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]