整体意义的拆分与聚合——论契诃夫《海鸥》在中国的接受和舞台阐释  

The Splitting and Integrating of the Overall Meaning:On the Reception and Interpretation of Chekhov's The Seagull in China

作　　者：栗征 Li Zheng

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2025年第1期71-87,共17页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学一般项目“契诃夫戏剧与中国话剧的现代性追求”(21BB030)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“海鸥”意象是阐释《海鸥》的关键。在很长时间里,中国的阐释者普遍把尼娜视作海鸥精神的化身,但时至今日,对“谁是海鸥”的回答已经从尼娜扩展至剧中所有角色乃至于全体人类。作为象征意象的“海鸥”涵括了我们对待生活的不同态度,借助“海鸥”意象,契诃夫使《海鸥》中多样性的人物获得了整体性的观照。如果《海鸥》复杂的意义生成是其艺术魅力不可缺少的组成部分,忠于原作的排演就很难放弃追求《海鸥》的整体意义,即通过对“海鸥”意象的舞台转化,让观众充分意识到并理解《海鸥》意义的丰富性和包容性。《海鸥》的自我指涉性开辟了排演的另一种思路,在对《海鸥》进行改编时,中国的艺术工作者把自我体验投射其中,实现了《海鸥》排演的创新与突破。The imagery of"seagull"is the key to interpret The Seagull.For a long time,Chinese interpreters generally regarded Nina as the embodiment of the spirit of"seagull",but nowadays,the answer to the question of"who is the seagull"has been extended from Nina to all the characters in the play and even to all human beings.As a symbolic image,"seagull"shows different attitudes towards life,and with its help,Chekhov made the diverse characters in The Seagull gain a holistic view.If the complex meaning generation is an important part of the artistic charm of The Seagull,it is difficult for a rehearsal faithful to the original text to give up the pursuit of the overall meaning,that is,to make the audience fully realise and understand the richness and inclusiveness of the meaning of The Seagull through the stage transformation of the"seagull".The self-referentiality of The Seagull opens up another way of rehearsals.When adapting The Seagull,Chinese artists project their own experiences into it,realising an innovation and breakthrough in the rehearsal of The Seagull.

关 键 词：《海鸥》 契诃夫 接受 意象 舞台阐释 

分 类 号：I512.073[文学—其他各国文学] J805[艺术—戏剧戏曲]