非转移直流电弧等离子体炬的三维稳态数值模拟  

Three-Dimensional Steady State Numerical Simulation of Non-Transferred DC Arc Plasma Torch

作　　者：程文博 武瑾[1] 吴楠[1] 黄齐平 范俊鑫 Cheng Wenbo;Wu Jin;Wu Nan;Huang Qiping;Fan Junxin(College of Electrical Engineering Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033 China;School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University,Nanjing 210096 China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033 [2]东南大学电气工程学院,南京210096

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第S1期14-24,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：非转移直流电弧等离子体炬是放射性废物等离子体熔融处理系统中的核心设备,射流的物理场参数不仅是设计和优化等离子体炬的重要指标,也是提高系统能量利用率和玻璃体生成物质量的关键。该文针对一款级联阳极结构的等离子体炬,基于磁流体力学理论,采用有限元仿真软件COMSOL对氮气热等离子体射流流入冷氮气域现象进行三维稳态数值模拟,建立电-磁-流-热的多物理场耦合模型,计算射流物理场参数,将计算结果与相关实验数据进行对比,并分析固定电流强度工况下改变输入气流量对等离子体炬性能的影响。结果显示模型能够较好地预测实际情况,所得到的射流温度场、速度场数据以及电极表面的温度、电流密度分布数据可为等离子体炬的设计和优化提供参考。The non-transfered DC arc plasma torch is the core equipment in the radioactive waste plasma melting treatment system.The physical field parameters of the jet are not only an important index for the design and optimization of the plasma torch,but also the key to improve the system energy utilization rate and the quality of the vitreous products.Aiming at a plasma torch with cascade anode structure,based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics,this paper uses the finite element software COMSOL to conduct three-dimensional steady-state numerical simulation of the phenomenon of nitrogen hot plasma jet flowing into the cold nitrogen domain,establishes a multi-physical field coupling model of electric-magnetic-flow-heat,calculates the physical field parameters of the jet,and compares the calculated results with relevant experimental data.The effect of changing the input gas flow rate on the performance of plasma torch under the condition of fixed current intensity is analyzed.The results show that the model can predict the actual situation well,and the obtained data of jet temperature field,velocity field,electrode surface temperature and current density distribution can provide reference for the design and optimization of plasma torch.Firstly,the 3D structure diagram of the plasma torch is accurately drawn in COMSOL,and the materials are defined in different areas.Secondly,based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics,relevant assumptions and mathematical equations are listed,which include electromagnetic field,fluid and heat transfer.Thirdly,the boundary conditions of the model and the artificial conductivity of nitrogen plasma in different regions are introduced in detail,and some specific Settings are explained.Finally,the experimental platform is built,and the data obtained by a series of continuous experiments are compared with the simulation results.Comparing the experimental data with the simulation data,it is found that the calculated average voltage is very close to the actual measurement results but a little lo

关 键 词：非转移直流电弧等离子体炬 放射性废物处理 数值模拟 多物理场耦合 

分 类 号：O53[理学—等离子体物理] V439.2[理学—物理]