农村生活污水处理全过程低耗管理探讨  

A Study on Low-Cost Management of the Whole Process of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment

作　　者：张铁坚[1] 周彪 马岚 刘俊良[1] ZHANG Tiejian;ZHOU Biao;MA Lan;LIU Junliang(Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学城乡建设学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《水处理技术》2025年第2期1-7,21,共8页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22323802D)。

摘　　要：总结了农村生活污水收集(重力收集、真空收集)、处理(一体化技术与源分离技术)过程中的主要技术类型及工作原理,阐述了各过程中关键问题与污染物去除效果,分析了影响各工艺处理效果的因素。并以技术经济适用与碳减排为目标导向,结合工程实例对农村生活污水处理全过程碳排放进行了探讨,结果表明:相较于重力收集,真空收集在投资、碳排放、运行等方面优势明显;相同规模下各处理工艺总体碳排放水平有很大差异,碳排放水平:人工湿地<源头分质处理<接触氧化一体化<生物转盘<AAO一体化。以期为我国农村生活污水低能耗治理相关工作研究及工程提供经验。The main types of technology and working principles involved in the collection(gravity and vacuum)and treatment(integrated and source separation technologies)of rural domestic wastewater were summarized.Key issues and pollutant removal effects during each process were elaborated upon,and factors affecting the treatment efficiency of each process were analyzed.With the goal of achieving technical,economic,and applicable solutions that reduce carbon emissions,the carbon emissions associated with the entire process of rural domestic wastewater collection and treatment were explored,using engineering case studies.Results showed that compared to gravity collection,pressure collection had significant advantages in terms of investment,carbon emissions,and operation.There were significant differences in the overall carbon emissions levels of various treatment processes of the same scale,with the following carbon emissions levels:artificial wetlands<source separation<contact oxidation integration<rotating biological contactors<AAO integration.This study aims to provide experience and guidance for research and engineering related to low-energy consumption management of rural domestic wastewater in China.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 处理工艺 经济适用 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]