公民行踪轨迹信息的侦查应用及其法律规制  

Investigation Application and Legal Regulation of Movement Trajectory Information

作　　者：马筱 MA Xiao

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学法学院

出　　处：《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第12期70-80,共11页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区教育厅高等学校科学研究项目“宁夏地区取保候审数字管控平台的实践检视”(NYG2024229)。

摘　　要：公民行踪轨迹信息类属于个人敏感信息,理应受到特殊保护,但侦查实践中对该信息使用却存在滥用风险。探析公民行踪轨迹信息的侦查应用模式,可以依照信息持有主体划分为侦查机关自持数据,以及收集、提取而来的社会数据。分析问题及其成因,可以得出相关概念仍需厘定、制度定位和实践存在偏差以及侦查机关信息使用缺乏控制机制等。基于成因对技术和制度的层次化法律规制逻辑,行踪轨迹信息概念厘定和体系化标准统一等内容的信息保护制度提出对策,引入检察监督在内的刑事审前主体,从而将行踪轨迹信息纳入证据司法审查体系得以保护公民行踪轨迹信息。In recent years,the issue of citizens movement trajectory information has become a hot topic in protecting personal information.As an important personal right of citizens,it should be given due attention and protection.Against this backdrop,investigative agencies and Internet companies find it significant for case handling and business development to obtain such information,thus necessitating strict protection of this type of information.However,existing literature is scarce on the application of citizens movement trajectory information in investigations and the relevant legal rules,especially on how to determine the status of such information in judicial trials and how to establish it as a type of evidence material.This article employs the method of judicial case analysis to statistically identify the widespread abuse of citizens movement trajectory information in practice.In judicial trials,there is no uniform classification or determination of such information.Specifically,there are situations where this information is directly used as evidence,situations where it is used as auxiliary evidence for direct determination,and situations where it is used as a clue to obtain other evidence that is directly determined as evidence.This article expands on previous literature in the following two aspects.First,it explores the legal attributes of citizens movement trajectory information in the application of investigations,analyzing the legal attributes of such information from the perspective of technical investigation within the investigative power,thus expanding literature on the legal attributes of movement trajectory information.Second,unlike existing studies,this article applies a quantitative research method,summarizing the situations that occur in practice and confirming the specific forms of abuse of such information in practice.This article reveals,to some extent,the internal logic of the protection of citizens movement trajectory information in the context of China s personal information protection.It is helpf

关 键 词：行踪轨迹信息 敏感信息 体系化保护 司法审查 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]