超低温辅助重结晶法制备HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶  

Preparation of HMX/FOX-7 Nano-cocrystal by Ultra-low-temperature-assisted Recrystallization Method

作　　者：贾浩巍 罗庆平 石先锐[2] 曹志鸿 朱正虎 林佳 JIA Hao-wei;LUO Qing-ping;SHI Xian-rui;CAO Zhi-hong;ZHU Zheng-hu;LIN Jia(State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Sichuan Mianyang 621010,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2025年第1期40-49,I0005,共11页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.22075230)。

摘　　要：为了改善HMX的安全性能,将低感度的FOX-7作为二元共晶的另一组分,通过超低温辅助重结晶法制备了不同摩尔比的HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶;采用SEM、XRD、FT-IR、DSC-TG对HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶的形貌、结构、热性能进行了表征,并对其机械感度进行了分析。结果表明,HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶主要为类球形颗粒堆叠的多孔结构,其粒径主要分布在0.1~0.5μm之间;在HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶的形成过程中,液氮对溶液的“低温冻结”以及HMX、FOX-7分子间氢键的形成对纳米共晶的形成具有显著影响;HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶的表观热分解焓相比原料大幅上升,并随HMX含量的增加而升高;与原料HMX相比,HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶的机械感度均大幅下降。当HMX、FOX-7的摩尔比为1∶3时,HMX/FOX-7纳米共晶具有最低的机械感度,撞击感度大于45 J,摩擦感度为288 N。In order to improve the safety performance of HMX,HMX/FOX-7 nano-cocrystals with different molar ratios were prepared by the ultra-low-temperature-assisted recrystallization method,where FOX-7 with low sensitivity was used as another component of the binary cocrystal.The morphology,structure,and thermal properties of the prepared HMX/FOX-7 cocrystals were characterized by SEM,XRD,FT-IR and DSC-TG,and their mechanical sensitivities were analyzed.The results show that the prepared HMX/FOX-7 crystals are mainly porous structure stacked with spherical particles,and their particle sizes are distributed primarily in the range of 0.1-0.5μm.During the formation of HMX/FOX-7 nano-cocrystals,the“low-temperature freezing”of the HMX/FOX-7 solution from liquid nitrogen and the formation of hydrogen bonding among HMX and FOX-7 have an significant influence on the formation of HMX/FOX-7 nano-cocrystals.The apparent thermal decomposition enthalpies of HMX/FOX-7 nanocrystals is significantly higher than that of the raw HMX and FOX-7,and increases with the increase of HMX content.The mechanical sensitivity of each HMX/FOX-7 nano-cocrystal is substantially reduced compared with that of the raw HMX.When the molar ratio of HMX and FOX-7 is 1∶3,the prepared HMX/FOX-7 cocrystal has the lowest mechanical sensitivity,where the impact sensitivity is higher than 45 J and the friction sensitivity is 288 N.

关 键 词：应用化学 超低温辅助重结晶法 HMX FOX-7 纳米共晶 热性能 机械感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O76[理学—晶体学]