2020—2023年北京市某医院225例梅毒患者感染状况分析  

Syphilis infection status in a hospital in Beijing from 2020 to 2023:an analysis of 225 cases

作　　者：续言凤 邱晓圆 刘玉倩 Xu Yanfeng;Qiu Xiaoyuan;Liu Yuqian(Department of dermatology,Aviation General Hospital,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]航空总医院皮肤科,北京100012

出　　处：《实用药物与临床》2025年第2期132-135,共4页Practical Pharmacy and Clinical Remedies

摘　　要：目的分析北京市某医院2020—2023年225例梅毒患者的感染状况,为本地区梅毒的防控提供理论依据。方法以2020年1月至2023年12月在北京市某医院就诊的225例梅毒患者为研究对象,分析其感染情况、临床特征及治疗情况。结果2020至2023年北京市某医院梅毒患者逐年增加,年均增长率为28.5%,以隐性梅毒为主,隐性梅毒在全部梅毒病例中的构成比由2020年的76.7%增长至2023年的81.7%,年均增长率为32.6%。男女比例为1.2∶1,发病年龄以21~40岁人群为主(39.6%),≥61岁老年人群发病人数逐渐增加,与2020年(23.3%)和2021年(19.6%)相比,2022年(31.7%)和2023年(28.2%)≥61岁老年梅毒患者在全部梅毒病例中的构成比均有所增加。男性患者有2个高发年龄段,为30~40岁和60~70岁。除2021年为11月外,其他年份报告病例最多的均为6月,其他各月份发病人数相当。225例梅毒患者中,共177例(78.7%)接受了驱梅治疗,其中,139例(78.5%)应用苄星青霉素注射治疗,38例(21.5%)口服米诺环素治疗。首次治疗前口服小剂量醋酸泼尼松,治疗中未见患者有明显吉海反应。结论该地区梅毒患者以隐性梅毒为主,重点感染人群为21~40岁及≥61岁老年人群。本地区梅毒感染状况存在地域和人群特征性,应根据其特点做出相应的防控措施并积极进行治疗,以减少梅毒的传播。Objective To analyze the syphilis infection status of 225 patients in a hospital in Beijing from 2020 to 2023,so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of syphilis.Methods A total of 225 patients who visited the hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects.The clinical characteristics,infection status and treatment were analyzed.Results From 2020 to 2023,the number of syphilis patients in the hospital had been increasing year by year.The average annual growth rate was 28.5%,and recessive syphilis was the main type.The proportion of recessive syphilis among all syphilis cases increased from 76.7%in 2020 to 81.7%in 2023,with an average annual growth rate of 32.6%.The ratio of male to female was 1.2∶1.The main age group was 21~40 years old(39.6%).The number of patients aged≥61 showed an increasing trend.The proportion of older patients aged≥61 years in 2022(31.7%)and 2023(28.2%)both increased compared with 2020(23.3%)and 2021(19.6%)in all syphilis patients.There were two incidence peak age ranges for male patients,being 30~40 and 60~70.The most cases were reported in June in all years except November in 2021,and the number of cases was similar in other months.Of the 225 patients with syphilis,177(78.7%)received anti-syphilis therapy,among whom 139(78.5%)received benzathine penicillin injection and 38(21.5%)were treated with oral minocycline.Low-dose prednisone was given orally before the first treatment and there was no Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction during the treatment.Conclusion The type of syphilis is mostly recessive syphilis in the area,and the main infected people are aged 21~40 and≥61.There are region and population characteristics in syphilis infection status in this area,and the corresponding prevention and control measures should be taken and active treatment should be performed according to its characteristics to reduce the spread of syphilis.

关 键 词：梅毒 苄星青霉素 米诺环素 

分 类 号：R759.1[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]