经皮气管切开术在重症颅脑外伤治疗中的应用及安全性研究  

Application and Safety of Percutaneous Tracheotomy in the Treatment of Severe Craniocerebral Trauma

作　　者：赵伟 Zhao Wei(Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Suzhou 215000,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市中西医结合医院,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2025年第3期51-53,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:经皮气管切开治疗重症颅脑外伤的安全性和应用价值。方法:选取苏州市中西医结合医院2022年1月—2024年1月收治的68例重症颅脑外伤患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(34例,实施经皮气管切开术治疗)和对照组(34例,实施传统气管切开术治疗)。对比两组手术相关指标、炎性因子指标水平、临床疗效和并发症发生情况。结果:相较于对照组,观察组手术时间及术后切口愈合时间较短,切口较小,术中出血量较少(P<0.05);术后7 d,两组降钙素原、白细胞计数水平和中性粒细胞百分比均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);相较于对照组,观察组总有效率较高(P=0.048);相较于对照组,观察组并发症发生率较低(P=0.032)。结论:经皮气管切开术治疗重症颅脑外伤具有手术时间短、切口较小、术中出血量较少、术后恢复较快的优势,且能有效改善患者炎性因子水平,临床疗效较好,安全性较高。Objective:To analyze the safety and application value of percutaneous tracheotomy in the treatment of severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods:Sixty-eight patients with severe craniocerebral trauma admitted to Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected and divided into observation group(34 cases receiving percutaneous tracheotomy)and control group(34 cases receiving traditional tracheotomy)according to random number table method.The level of operation-related indexes,inflammatory factors,clinical efficacy and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the control group,the operation time and postoperative incision healing time of the observation group were shorter,the incision was smaller,and the intraoperative blood loss was less(P<0.05).On the 7th day after operation,the levels of procalcitonin,white blood cell count and neutrophil percentage in both groups were decreased,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the total effective rate of the observation group was higher(P=0.048).Compared with the control group,the complication rate in the observation group was lower(P=0.032).Conclusion:Percutaneous tracheotomy in the treatment of severe craniocerebral trauma has the advantages of short operation time,small incision,less intraoperative blood loss and faster postoperative recovery,and can effectively improve the level of inflammatory factors in patients,with good clinical efficacy and high safety.

关 键 词：经皮气管切开术 重症颅脑外伤 炎性因子 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]