推动我国铁路货运代理市场规范发展的探讨  

Discussion on Promoting Standardized Development of Railway Freight Forwarding Market in China

作　　者：朱子童 杨磊 刘磊 ZHU Zitong;YANG Lei;LIU Lei(Railway Science&Technology Research&Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081

出　　处：《铁路物流》2025年第1期56-62,共7页Railway Logisitics

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2022YJ255)。

摘　　要：“十四五”规划指出,要推进铁路等行业竞争性环节市场化改革。近年来,铁路货运代理企业的蓬勃发展,为深化铁路改革提供了一种新的思路。从起步、快速发展、完善壮大、重组整合、一体化发展5个阶段总结梳理我国铁路货运代理市场的发展历程及各个阶段的市场特点,分析当前铁路货运代理市场发展中存在的市场发展有待规范、对运输主业依附性较强、产品单一且规模较小、缺少专业化人才、缺乏明确发展方向等问题,并借鉴其他运输方式和国外铁路货运代理发展的经验,从完善我国铁路货运代理市场监管制度和管理体系、鼓励铁路货运代理企业向市场化转型、进一步拓展服务范围和领域、培养专业化的人才队伍及向现代化物流方向发展等方面提出规范我国铁路货运代理市场发展的相关建议。The“14 th Five-Year Plan”calls for market-based reform in competitive sectors of businesses such as railways.In recent years,the booming development of freight forwarding enterprises has provided a new way of thinking for deepening railway reform.This paper summarized the development process of China’s railway freight forwarding market in five stages:inception,rapid growth,maturation,restructuring,and integrated development,along with the market characteristics of each stage.The paper analyzed the current problems within the railway freight forwarding market,including the need for standardized market development,strong dependence on core transportation business,limited product diversity and scale,shortage of specialized talents,and lack of clear development direction.After drawing on other transportation modes and foreign railway freight forwarding experience,recommendations for regulating the development of China’s railway freight forwarding market were proposed in five aspects:improving the regulatory system and management framework of China’s railway freight forwarding market,encouraging railway freight forwarding enterprises to transition to market-oriented operations,further expanding service scopes and domains,cultivating a specialized workforce,and advancing towards modernized logistics.

关 键 词：铁路货运 货运代理 发展历程 监管制度 

分 类 号：U294.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]