拜登政府对华科技竞争政策论析  

An Analysis of the Biden Administration’s Scientific and Technological Competition Policy against China

作　　者：张高胜 陈积敏[2] ZHANG Gao⁃sheng;CHEN Ji⁃min(Department for World Peace and Security Studies,China Institute of International Studies,Beijing 100005,China;Institute for International and Strategic Studies,Party School of Central Committee of C.P.C.,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国际问题研究院世界和平与安全研究所,北京100005 [2]中共中央党校国际战略研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《江南社会学院学报》2024年第3期35-42,共8页Journal of Jiangnan Social University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“美国印太战略及其对中国的挑战与对策研究”(项目编号:19BGJ015)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：科技竞争是大国竞争的重要领域。拜登政府将中国视为最主要战略竞争者,逐步构建起攻防兼具的对华科技竞争政策体系:一方面,加强了对科技发展的战略引领与规划设计,意图增强美国自身的科技竞争能力与科技领先优势;另一方面,增进与盟伴之间的科技合作,试图构建新的全球技术生态体系,同时加强针对中国的出口管制、投资审查,加大限制中美科技交流,力图迟缓、削弱中国的科技发展进程与动力,服务于其对华竞争整体战略。中国对拜登政府在科技领域的竞争政策及其带来的挑战应有清醒认识与客观评估,既需高度重视拜登政府在科技领域打压、遏制中国的决心与该政策手段的多样性,又要充分认识这种科技竞争政策存在的局限性和本国具有的比较优势,从而更为有效地制定应对之策。Scientific and technological competition is an important field of competition among great powers.The Biden administration regards China as the most important strategic competitor,and gradually builds a policy system,both offensive and defensive,of scientific and technological competition against China.On the one hand,it strengthens its own strategic guidance and planning of scientific and technological development,aiming to enhance its competitiveness and leading edge of the United States in this regard.On the other hand,efforts are made to promote scientific and technological cooperation with its allies,trying to build a new global technological ecosystem,while tightening export control and investment review against China,and increasing restrictions on Sino⁃US scientific and technological exchanges,in order to slow down and weaken China’s scientific and technological development process and momentum,and serve its overall competition strategy against China.China should have a clear understanding and objective assessment of the Biden administration’s competition policy in the field of science and technology and the challenges it brings.It should not only attach great importance to the Biden administration’s determination to suppress and contain China in this field and the diversity of its policy means,but also fully understand the limitations of such competition policy and China’s comparative advantages,

关 键 词：美国 中国 拜登政府 科技竞争 

分 类 号：D822.3[政治法律—政治学]