2018-2023年陕西省安康市燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒患者死亡情况分析  

Analysis of mortality rates of patients with coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Ankang City of Shaanxi Province from 2018 to 2023

作　　者：邓英 梁磊 张同蕾 苏锋 周蓉[2] 师智 范中学[2] Deng Ying;Liang Lei;Zhang Tonglei;Su Feng;Zhou Rong;Shi Zhi;Fan Zhongxue(Department of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi Ankang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ankang 725000,China;Department of Endemic Fluorosis and Arsenism,Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control,Xi'an 710003,China;Department of Propaganda and Information,Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control,Xi'an 710003,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省安康市疾病预防控制中心地方病防制科,安康725000 [2]陕西省地方病防治研究所地方性氟砷中毒防研室,西安710003 [3]陕西省地方病防治研究所宣传信息科,西安710003

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第11期907-911,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省安康市燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒(简称燃煤型砷中毒)患者的死亡流行病学特征和死因构成。方法自陕西省地方病防治信息管理平台和全国死因信息登记系统收集2018-2023年安康市燃煤型砷中毒患者死亡信息,计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、因早死所致的寿命损失年(YLL),分析死亡病例的人群和地区分布特征,并按照国际疾病分类(ICD-10)类目编码对其进行死因归类和分析。结果2018-2023年陕西省安康市共死亡燃煤型砷中毒患者610例,年平均粗死亡率为5.20/10万;患者平均死亡年龄为77.78岁,死亡率随年龄增长呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=1163.82,P<0.001),且60岁以上大幅上升;男女性别比为3.18∶1.00(464/146);7个病区县(区)中岚皋县死亡率较高;YLL为6241.68人年;死亡病例前4位死因顺位为循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、伤害,与安康市全人群的死因顺位不一致,呼吸系统疾病顺位提前。结论安康市燃煤型砷中毒死亡病例以老年男性为主,岚皋县较多见。死因多样,与循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、伤害存在多病共存。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of mortality and cause of death composition in patients with coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Ankang City,Shaanxi Province.Methods Mortality data of patients with coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Ankang City from 2018 to 2023 were collected from the Shaanxi Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management Platform and the National Death Cause Information Registration System.Crude and standardized mortality rates,years of life lost(YLL)due to premature death were calculated,and the population and regional distribution characteristics of death cases were analyzed.Causes of death were classified and analyzed according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10)category codes.Results From 2018 to 2023,a total of 610 patients with coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism died in Ankang City,Shaanxi Province.The average annual crude mortality rate was 5.20/100000.The average age of death for patients was 77.78 years old,and the mortality rate showed an upward trend with age(χ^(2)_(tend)=1163.82,P<0.001),with a significant increase in patients over 60 years old.The male to female ratio was 3.18∶1.00(464/146).Among the seven diseased districts and counties,Langao County had the highest mortality rate.The YLL was 6241.68 person-years.The top four causes of death among these cases circulatory system diseases,respiratory system diseases,malignant tumors,and injuries differed from those of the entire population in Ankang City,with respiratory system diseases being more prominently ranked.Conclusions The death cases of coal-burning-borne endemic arsenism in Ankang City are mainly elderly males,and are more common in Langao County.There are various causes of death,coexisting with circulatory system diseases,respiratory system diseases,malignant tumors,and injuries.

关 键 词：砷中毒 燃煤污染型 死亡率 死因顺位 寿命损失年 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学] R599.9[医药卫生—临床医学]