2023年杭州市蝇类生态学监测及家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗药性分析  

Ecological surveillance result of flies and resistance of Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Hangzhou,2023

作　　者：金彬彬 韦凌娅[1] 徐家宝 段恬筱 王英红[1] 金慧[1] Jin Binbin;Wei Lingya;Xu Jiabao;Duan Tianxiao;Wang Yinghong;Jin Hui(Institute of Disinfection and Vector Control,Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Hangzhou Health Inspection Center),Hangzhou 310021,China;Department of Pathogens and Immunology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053,China;Department of Quality Management,Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Hangzhou Health Inspection Center),Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心(杭州市卫生监督所)消毒与病媒生物防制所,杭州310021 [2]浙江中医药大学基础医学院病原生物与免疫教研室,杭州310053 [3]杭州市疾病预防控制中心(杭州市卫生监督所)质量管理科,杭州310021

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第11期916-921,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：杭州市医药卫生科技项目(A20240547);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ20H190002);杭州市医学重点学科建设项目(杭卫发[2021]21号)

摘　　要：目的调查杭州市蝇类种群分布、季节消长趋势,了解杭州市家蝇对5种常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性及其变化规律,为蝇类的科学防治提供依据。方法2023年4-11月,采用笼诱法进行蝇类生态学监测;2023年5-6月,采用挥网法采集杭州市各区(县、市)家蝇,室内饲养后采用微量点滴法测定F1代雌性成蝇对5种常用卫生杀虫剂的抗药性。通过Probit回归模型计算半数致死量(LD_(50))、95%可信区间(CI)和毒力回归方程。结果2023年杭州市蝇密度为5.99只/笼,其中麻蝇科蝇种密度较高(2.39只/笼),为杭州市的优势蝇种;不同监测点中,临平区蝇密度较高(20.97只/笼);不同生境中,农贸市场蝇密度较高(4-11月蝇密度:2.86、5.39、8.86、16.86、31.32、6.39、3.75、1.89只/笼);蝇密度季节消长呈单峰型,8月蝇密度较高(13.45只/笼)。杭州市家蝇种群对敌敌畏表现为敏感[抗性倍数(RR)为3.08倍];对残杀威、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯产生不同程度的抗性,抗性程度由高到低依次为残杀威(>336.36倍)、高效氯氰菊酯(906.61倍)、高效氟氯氰菊酯(432.29倍)、溴氰菊酯(72.56倍)。综合2003-2023年的监测结果,敌敌畏在2008年RR较高(33.47倍),后逐年降低至敏感水平;残杀威的抗性水平历年均处于极高抗水平;3种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均产生较高的抗性。结论麻蝇科蝇种为杭州市的优势种群,杭州市家蝇对除敌敌畏外的4种常用杀虫剂产生了较高的抗药性。提倡使用物理防治技术,减少化学杀虫剂的使用,防止家蝇抗药性的持续上升。Objective To investigate the distribution and seasonal fluctuations of flies in Hangzhou,study the resistance of Musca domestica(M.domestica)to five commonly used sanitary insecticides and changing patterns in Hangzhou and provide a basis for scientific control of flies.Methods From April to November 2023,the cage trap method was used for ecological monitoring of flies.From May to June 2023,the swing net method was used to collect M.domestica from various districts(counties and cities)in Hangzhou.After indoor breeding,the resistance of F1 generation female adult flies to five commonly used sanitary insecticides was determined using the micro-drop method.Probit regression model was used to calculate the median lethal dose(LD_(50)),95%confidence interval(CI)and virulence regression equation.Results In 2023,the fly density in Hangzhou was 5.99 flies/cage,with a higher density of flies belonging to the Sarcophagus family(2.39 flies/cage),making it the dominant fly species in Hangzhou.Among different monitoring points,the fly density in Linping District was relatively high(20.97 flies/cage).In different habitats,the fly density in agricultural markets was relatively high(fly density from April to November:2.86,5.39,8.86,16.86,31.32,6.39,3.75 and 1.89 flies/cage).The seasonal fluctuation of fly density showed a unimodal pattern,with the higher density in August(13.45 flies/cage).The M.domestica population in Hangzhou was sensitive to dichlorvos[resistance ratio(RR):3.08 times].Different degrees of resistance were developed to propoxur,deltamethrin,beta-cypermethrin,and beta-cyhalothrin.The degree of resistance from high to low was propoxur(>336.36 times),beta-cypermethrin(906.61 times),beta-cyhalothrin(432.29 times),and deltamethrin(72.56 times).Based on the monitoring results from 2003 to 2023,the RR of dichlorvos reached the higher level in 2008(33.47 times)and gradually decreased to a sensitive level.The resistance level of propoxur had been at an extremely high level over the years.Three types of pyrethroid insecti

关 键 词：生态学 家蝇 抗药性 杀虫剂 

分 类 号：R384.2[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]