马克思的社会再生产理论与现代宏观经济学  

Marx's Theory of Social Reproduction and Modern Macroeconomics

作　　者：龚刚[1] 辛阳[1] 马千里[2] Gong Gang;Xin Yang;Ma Qianli(Financial Research Institute,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming,Yunnan,650221;School of Economics,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan,Shandong,250014)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学金融研究院,650221 [2]山东财经大学经济学院,250014

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2024年第12期3-21,共19页Nankai Economic Studies

摘　　要：现代宏观经济学起源于凯恩斯和哈罗德的贡献,但由于受新古典均衡理论的影响,当代西方主流宏观经济学已远远脱离了凯恩斯和哈罗德的原意,从而显得“不伦不类”和“漏洞百出”。因此,宏观经济学需要回归哈罗德、回归凯恩斯。然而,无论是哈罗德还是凯恩斯,他们的理论在很大程度上均传承了马克思的社会再生产理论:哈罗德的保证增长率实际上就是马克思社会再生产理论下的均衡经济增长率,即积累率乘以利润率;马克思两大部类之间的交换理论与凯恩斯的有效需求理论都暗含着关于产量决定的相同假设,即产量是由需求(而非供给或均衡)决定的;而现实中到处可见的“明码标价”则为马克思、凯恩斯和哈罗德的经济学理论提供了共同的交易模式。本文的研究为宏观经济学回归哈罗德、回归凯恩斯提供了坚实的马克思主义政治经济学基础。Modern macroeconomics originated from the contributions of Keynes and Harrod.However,due to the interference of neoclassical equilibrium theory,the western mainstream macroeconomics has far deviated from the original intentions of Keynes and Harrod,appearing inconsistent and full of loopholes.In fact,both Harrod and Keynes'theories largely inherit Marx's theory of reproduction.Our research has found that Harrod's warranted rate of growth is actually the equilibrium economic growth rate under Marx's theory of reproduction,which is the accumulation rate multiplied by the profit rate.The exchange theory between Marx's two major categories and Keynes'theory of effective demand both imply the same assumption about output determination,that is,output is determined by demand(rather than supply or equilibrium).And the ubiquitous"clearly labeled prices"in reality provides a common trading model for the economic theories of Marx,Keynes,and Harrod.This study provides a solid foundation of Marxist political economy for the return of macroeconomics to Harrod and Keynes.

关 键 词：再生产理论 有效需求理论 保证增长率 明码标价 

分 类 号：F09[经济管理—政治经济学]