服务业市场准入限制和国内规制一致性——基于OECD-STRI数据库的测度分析  

Market Access Restrictions and Consistency of Domestic Regulation in the Service Sector:A Measurement Analysis Based on the OECD-STRI Database

作　　者：张伯伟[1] 马志鑫 Zhang Bowei;Ma Zhixin(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 30071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,300071

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2024年第12期104-124,共21页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“东亚生产分工效率、利益分配与区域经济合作机制研究”(21BGJ080);南开大学亚洲研究中心项目(AS2321)的资助。

摘　　要：本文基于OECD-STRI服务业监管政策信息数据库,构建符合理论要求和现实亟须的服务业监管壁垒指数,并通过结构引力模型分析框架和泊松伪极大似然估计技术(PPML),实证检验不同类型服务业监管措施产生贸易壁垒的方式及对服务出口的影响效应。研究表明,首先,进口方服务业市场准入限制阻碍了出口方的服务出口,而贸易双方服务业国内规制一致性显著促进了服务出口的增长;其次,服务业监管措施产生壁垒的方式源自措施的歧视性质,歧视性措施造成的贸易壁垒是其措施本身,非歧视性措施则是各国在政策实施上的分歧;最后,经济合作与发展组织(OECD)服务贸易壁垒指数存在较为明显的不足,不仅无法区分不同类型服务业监管措施造成的贸易壁垒,同时也不能准确评估服务业市场准入限制和国内规制一致性对服务出口的影响效应。本文为中国服务业监管体系改革和国际服务贸易谈判提供客观和可靠的数据支持。This paper constructs an index of regulatory barriers in the service industry based on the OECD-STRI service regulatory policy information database,addressing both theoretical requirements and practical needs.Using a structural gravity model and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation(PPML),it empirically examines how different types of service sector regulations create trade barriers and their effects on service exports.The findings are as follows:First,market access restrictions in the importing country hinder service exports from the exporting country,while regulatory consistency between trading partners significantly promotes export growth.Second,the way regulatory measures create trade barriers stems from their discriminatory nature—discriminatory measures create barriers by the nature of the regulation itself,while non-discriminatory measures arise from differences in policy implementation across countries.Finally,the OECD's services trade barrier index has notable shortcomings,as it fails to distinguish between different types of regulatory barriers and does not accurately assess the effects of market access restrictions and regulatory consistency on service exports.This paper provides objective and reliable data to support the reform of China's regulatory system for the service sector and international trade negotiations in services.

关 键 词：服务业 市场准入 国内规制 服务贸易 监管壁垒指数 

分 类 号：F75[经济管理—国际贸易]