论公司、合伙企业与第三人间仲裁协议对代表诉讼的效力  

作　　者：王言 

机构地区：[1]中国电力技术装备有限公司法律事务处

出　　处：《商事仲裁与调解》2024年第5期36-53,共18页Commercial Arbitration & Mediation

摘　　要：公司、合伙企业与第三人签订的仲裁协议是否约束行使代表诉权的股东、有限合伙人的问题长期存在分歧,认可仲裁协议约束力的观点缺乏法律文义和体系解释支撑。《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》第25条虽承认该情况下仲裁协议对股东、有限合伙人有效,但代表仲裁问题仍存在应然层面的争论。然而,原生权利说等几种否定代表仲裁的观点说服力均有不足。对比债权人代位权和代位求偿权,可推论代表诉权的功能应允许股东、有限合伙人继承公司、合伙企业的仲裁权利义务。新加坡的代表仲裁曾面临相似的实然尴尬,最终该国修订法律,明确了公司与第三人间仲裁协议对代表诉讼的效力。为尽快解决司法实践中的分歧,应接受《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》第25条对仲裁协议效力的认定。同时,为守护代表诉权的公益属性并为司法政策的变化预留空间,可借鉴新加坡代表仲裁中的法院预审查模式。在程序安排上,可采用公司、合伙企业为申请人,股东、有限合伙人为仲裁代理人的设置。Whether the arbitration agreement signed between a company or a partnership and a third party binds the shareholders or limited partners exercising the right of representative action is an issue that has long been divided,and it is difficult to support the argument in favor of arbitration by the literal meaning and systematic interpretation of the legal provisions.Although Article 25 of the Draft Arbitration Law Amendment seeks to recognize the validity of an arbitration agreement between a company or a partnership and a third party on shareholders and limited partners under the above circumstances,there is still a debate over whether shareholder representative arbitration should be recognized.However,the theories negating representative arbitration,like the theory of“original rights”,are not persuasive enough.By comparing with the creditor’s right of subrogation and subrogation,it can be found that the function of the representative action allows the shareholders or limited partners to inherit the rights and obligations of the company or partnership in the arbitration agreement.Singapore’s shareholder representative arbitration has experienced similar embarrassments as China’s,which eventually amended its law to formalize the validity of arbitration agreements in representative actions.To conclude the disagreement in judicial practice,the Article 25 of the Draft Revised Arbitration Law should be accepted.At the same time,in order to protect the public interest of the representative’s right and reserve room for changes in judicial policies,the pre-examination model in Singapore’s Companies Act can be used as a reference for representative arbitration.In terms of arbitral proceedings,the arrangement of the company or partnership as the applicant and the shareholder or limited partners as the agent may be acceptable.

关 键 词：股东代表诉讼 仲裁 代位求偿 债权人代位权 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学] D925.7[政治法律—法学] D923.6