基于多源地理数据的磷肥制造场地污染潜在风险评价——以昆明市为例  

Potential pollution risk assessment of phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site based on multi-source geographic data:A case study of Kunming City

作　　者：孟丹 杨晓梅[1,2] 刘岳明 周睿 王志华 刘晓亮[1,2] 张俊瑶 MENG Dan;YANG Xiao-mei;LIU Yue-ming;ZHOU Rui;WANG Zhi-hua;LIU Xiao-liang;ZHANG Jun-Yao(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;IMAGESKYBEIJING(Beijing)Science and Technology LTD,Beijing 100086,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]京师天启(北京)科技有限公司,北京100086

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第S1期357-367,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1800100)

摘　　要：提出污染源范围-传播路径-敏感受体三维相结合的快速评估方式,对昆明市磷肥制造场地的周围生活、生态等环境的污染潜在风险评价.结果表明昆明市磷肥制造场地分布在滇池西南部的安宁市和晋宁区地势平坦区域,其面源污染范围和磷肥制造场地的运营年限和运营规模密切相关,磷肥制造场地运营年限越长运营规模越大对周围环境造成的影响越大,其中风险系数最高的两家磷肥制造企业风险等级值分别为14.51和11.37,其运营时间年限分别为30年和36年,运营规模分别为大型企业和中型企业.磷肥制造场地传播路径等级越高表明其对周围越易产生污染,结果表磷肥制造场地最高的传播范围面积值为78.54km2,而敏感受体等级越高对周围产生的潜在风险影响越大,其中磷肥制造场地所造成的敏感受体范围最高值为70.14km2.综合风险评价结果中,昆明市的磷肥制造场地污染源对低海拔、地形平坦的滇池流域生态环境和东部人口集聚地区有极大的污染潜在风险,应加强对该地区的污染治理和生态保护.A rapid assessment method that combines pollution source range,propagation path,and sensitive receptor was proposed to evaluate the potential pollution risk of the living and ecological environment around the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site in Kunming.The results revealed that the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing sites in Kunming were mainly located in the flat terrain areas of Anning and Jinning District,situated southwest of Dianchi Lake.The pollution range of non-point sources was found to be closely related to the operating years and scale of the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing sites.The longer the operating years and the larger the operating scale of these sites,the greater their impact on the surrounding environment.Notably,two phosphate fertilizer manufacturing enterprises exhibited the highest risk coefficients,with values of 14.51 and 11.37,respectively.These enterprises have been operating for 30 years and 36 years,with large and medium-scale operations,respectively.The higher the propagation path grade of the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site,the easier it is for pollution to spread to the surrounding areas.The largest propagation area of the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site was found to be 78.54km2.Moreover,areas with higher sensitive receptor grades showed a greater impact on the potential risk of the surrounding region.The highest sensitive receptor range caused by the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site covered an area of 70.14km2.Based on the comprehensive risk assessment,it was determined that the pollution sources from the phosphate fertilizer manufacturing site in Kunming pose significant potential risks to the ecological environment of the Dianchi Basin,characterized by its low altitude and flat terrain.Additionally,the population gathering area in the east is also at risk,highlighting the need to strengthen pollution control and ecological protection measures in this region.

关 键 词：昆明市 磷肥制造场地 环境污染 多源地理数据 风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4