2006-2022年山东省烟台市恙虫病流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of scrub typhus in Yantai City of Shandong Province from 2006 to 2022

作　　者：高珊珊 刘靖宇[1] 李秀燕[1] 许红玉 赵晗彤 于桂梅[1] Gao Shanshan;Liu Jingyu;Li Xiuyan;Xu Hongyu;Zhao Hantong;Yu Guimei(Department of Public Health Emergency Response,Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生应急处置科,烟台264003

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第10期830-834,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2020YJGG007);山东省公共卫生重点专科(突发公共卫生事件应急处置)

摘　　要：目的了解烟台市恙虫病流行特征,为烟台市恙虫病预防与控制提供科学依据。方法在"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"的子系统"传染病监测系统"中,收集2006年1月1日至2022年12月31日烟台市恙虫病疫情报告数据,采用SPSS 23.0等软件进行数据处理和描述性统计。结果2006-2022年,烟台市共报告恙虫病病例599例,年均报告发病率为0.51/10万。2006-2014年恙虫病报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=144.72,P<0.001),2014年达到高峰,为1.04/10万;2019年又出现一个小高峰,为0.91/10万。恙虫病发病具有明显季节性,呈单峰分布,10月为发病高峰,占72.62%(435/599)。除长岛县外,其他12个市(区)均有恙虫病病例报告,年均报告发病率居前3位的市分别为招远市(1.58/10万)、莱州市(1.47/10万)和莱阳市(0.75/10万)。病例中男女性别比为1.00∶1.07(289∶310)。病例主要集中在50~79岁,占74.46%(446/599);不同年份间各年龄组患者例数比较,差异有统计学意义(H=38.71,P=0.001)。农民占发病人群的88.65%(531/599)。结论烟台市恙虫病发病率基本呈现升高趋势,分布广,建议加强恙虫病诊断、监测及其传染管理。Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of scrub typhus in Yantai City from 2006 to 2022,and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of scrub typhus in Yantai City.Methods In the subsystem"Infectious Disease Monitoring System"of the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",data on the outbreak of scrub typhus in Yantai City from January 1,2006 to December 31,2022 were collected and processed using software such as SPSS 23.0 for descriptive statistics.Results A total of 599 scrub typhus cases were reported in Yantai City from 2006 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence of 0.51/100000.The reported incidence showed an upward trend year by year from 2006 to 2014(χ^(2)_(trend)=144.72,P<0.001),and reached a peak in 2014(1.04/100000).There was another small peak in 2019(0.91/100000).The incidence of scrub typhus showed a clear seasonal unimodal distribution,with October being the peak,accounting for 72.62%(435/599).In addition to Changdao County,other 12 cities(districts)reported scrub typhus cases.The top 3 cities with average annual reported incidence were Zhaoyuan City(1.58/100000),Laizhou City(1.47/100000)and Laiyang City(0.75/100000).In all reported cases,the male to female ratio was 1.00∶1.07(289∶310).The cases were mainly concentrated in the age range of 50 to 79,accounting for 74.46%(446/599).There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients in different age groups in different years(H=38.71,P=0.001).Farmers accounted for 88.65%(531/599)of the affected population.Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus in Yantai City shows an increasing trend and is widely distributed.It is recommended to strengthen the diagnosis,monitoring and infection management of scrub typhus.

关 键 词：恙虫病 流行特征 发病率 疾病分布 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]