“二次革命”在川边:1913年张煦“独立”事件  

“Second Revolution”in Chuanbian:Zhang Xu's“Independence”Event in 1913

作　　者：裴儒弟 Pei Rudi(Institute of Chinese Borderland Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院中国边疆研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《军事历史研究》2024年第3期46-51,共6页Military History Research

基　　金：2022年国家社会科学基金一般项目“民国时期西藏和内地各民族交往交流交融史研究”(22BMZ129);2023年中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划资助优势学科“中国边疆史”(DF2023YS20)

摘　　要：1913年“二次革命”爆发,南方数省和地区纷纷宣告“独立”并武力讨袁,四川第5师师长熊克武也积极响应孙中山的号召,在重庆宣告“独立”,起兵讨袁。8月25日,川边经略使尹昌衡的护卫团团长张煦附和熊克武,在川边打箭炉宣布“独立”,尹昌衡前往打箭炉成功劝降张煦部大多数官兵,张煦兵变失败后被迫逃亡南洋。张煦“独立”事件失败的主要原因有:张煦宣布“独立”时机未熟,张煦级别不高,领导力和威信不够,且该部军事力量弱小,张煦准备不足等。1913年川边张煦“独立”事件是全国“二次革命”的组成部分,是四川“二次革命”的连锁反应,具有历史进步意义。In 1913,the“Second Revolution”broke out,with several southern provinces and regions declaring independence and taking up arms against Yuan Shikai.Xiong Kewu,Commander of the 5th Sichuan Division actively responded to Sun Yat⁃sen's call,declaring“independence”in Chongqing and starting a rebellion against Yuan.On August 25,Zhang Xu,commander of bodyguard regiment under Yin Changheng who was the governor of Chuanbian,echoed Xiong Kewu and declared“independence”at Dajianlu in Chuanbian.Yin went to Dajianlu and successfully persuaded most of Zhang's troops to surrender,and Zhang was forced to flee to Southeast Asia after the failure of the mutiny.The failure of Zhang's“independence”can be attributed to several factors:the premature timing of the declaration,Zhang's insufficient rank and authority,the weak military strength of his forces and inadequate preparations.Zhang's“Independence”Event in Chuanbian in 1913 was an integral part of the“Second Revolution”and one of chain reactions of the“Second Revolution”in Sichuan.

关 键 词：“二次革命” 川边 张煦 熊克武 尹昌衡 “独立” 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学] E296.9[历史地理—中国史]