莆田话中摹状性重叠式的韵律形态分析  

Prosodic Morphology of the Descriptive Reduplication in Putian Dialect

作　　者：林碧虹 Lin Bihong(Faculty of Linguistic Sciences,Beijing Language and Culture University)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言科学院

出　　处：《韵律语法研究》2023年第2期85-102,共18页Studies in Prosodic Grammar

摘　　要：莆田话中摹状性重叠式有AA式、AAB式和AABC式,韵律决定重叠式的合法性和独立性。我们提出重叠式中左起的双音重复的韵律模组及其内在“重—轻”的重音结构是重叠式表达摹状性的形态之一,这个超音段形态具有去范畴化的功能,不同性质和意义的基式在符合韵律要求后,都具有了相同的语法意义和功能。本文还基于McCarthy&Prince(1990)提出的韵律界取理论,对重叠式的生成过程进行了统一描写。Reduplication is a very important grammatical means in Putian dialect.Bases of different parts-of-speech can undergo reduplication.In addition to adjectives,the base can also be nouns,verbs,adverbs,or numerals(numeral classifiers),and can be monosyllable,bisyllable or even trisyllable.For example:Mono-Base Bi-Base Tri-base(1)Adjectivebase:重重(very heavy)辛辛苦(work hard)悬悬(very tall)小小气(very stingy)紧紧(very fast)闹闹热(lively)(2)Noun-Base:雾雾(dim)鼻鼻屎(very small)婶婶娘形(womanlike)汤汤(clear and thin)当当央(near the center)阿阿嬷相(be like Grandma)水水(moist)酒酒味(have a taste of wine)山山里腔(with a mountain people’s accent)(3)Verb-base:惊惊(a look of fear)伓伓敢(don’t dare to)生生惊侬(it’s scary)流流(state of flow)干干系(very worried)有有豪骚(very interesting)吼吼(crying)尊尊重(very respectful)畸畸双头(unbalanced state)(4)Adverb-base:一一直(all the time)硬硬头(insist to)更更加(more)(5)Number(classifier)-base:四四角(quadrangular)二二百五(very stupid)十十成(perfect in all aspects)两两指大(the size of two fingers)蜀蜀杮(piecemeal)五五指痕(finger marks are obvious)When bases of different parts-of-speech are partially reduplicated in the same way,they all express the same grammatical meaning,namely,describing a certain state.We have analyzed the features of reduplication’s tone sandhi,stress pattern,prosodic structure,etc.The following prosodic features can be observed:the tone of the reduplication’s first syllable matches that of the first syllable of the base form and carries the stress,while the second syllable needs to be weak and shortened;the internal prosodic structures of trisyllable AAB and quadrisyllabic AABC are“2+1”and“2+2”respectively.Then,we propose that these prosodic features of the reduplications are also morphological,representing suprasegmental forms with distinctive significance.Its core morphology consists of the first double-tone repetition prosodic module from the lef

关 键 词：重叠式 韵律 超音段形态 生成过程 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语]