清代戍台班兵的参赌庇赌之风及其治理  

Gambling Participation and Protection among Garrison Soldiers in Taiwan during Qing Dynasty and Its Governance

作　　者：苏颂 Su Song(Overseas Chinese College,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000)

机构地区：[1]温州大学华侨学院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《军事历史研究》2024年第4期26-36,共11页Military History Research

基　　金：2024年国家社会科学基金青年项目“近代日本在华南的金融扩张研究(1895—1945)”(24CZS087)

摘　　要：清代驻守台湾的军队参赌庇赌之风盛行并发展成为严重的军纪问题,这是班兵轮戍致使大陆赌风传入、兵民杂处导致台湾民间社会赌风渗透、官场陋规盛行促使班兵庇赌设赌、班兵收入微薄进而开设赌场赚取额外收入等因素综合作用的结果。该风气主要表现在军队官兵参与赌博、开设赌场及包庇赌博三个方面,导致台湾班兵军纪涣散、军队战斗力下降,进而影响官兵维护岛内稳定及海疆安全,并进一步为台湾民间社会安定埋下隐患。《钦定大清会典事例》专门针对该问题作出严厉规定,也有诸多官员多措并举厉行禁赌,包括严申军纪从重惩罚参赌庇赌、存留饷银切断经济根源等,但均收效甚微。During the Qing Dynasty,gambling was prevalent among the troops stationed in Taiwan,and it evolved into a serious military discipline problem.This phenomenon resulted from multiple factors,including the introduction of mainland gambling practices through the rotational garrison system,the influence of civilian gambling culture on the mixed military-civilian society in Taiwan,the prevalence of official malpractices prompting soldiers to protect or operate gambling activities,and the meager income leading soldiers to establish casinos for extra earnings.This gambling culture was mainly manifested in three aspects:military personnel participating in gambling,operating casinos and protecting gambling activities.It weakened military discipline and reduced combat effectiveness,which in turn undermined the officers’and soldiers’ability to maintain stability and maritime security in Taiwan,thereby creating further risks for the stability of Taiwan's civil society.Qinding DaQing Huidian Shili(The Imperially-Decreed Collected Statutes of the Qing Dynasty)imposed strict regulations addressing these problems,and many officials implemented various measures to enforce anti-gambling policies including strict punishment for gambling-related misconduct,reinforcement of military discipline,and the retaining of soldiers’pay to cut off economic sources.However,all these efforts achieved limited effect.

关 键 词：清代台湾 班兵 参赌庇赌 治理 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] K252[历史地理—中国史] E292[军事—军事理论] E295.2