欧盟可持续产品生态设计法规的政策影响与我国的应对策略  

EU Sustainable Products Ecodesign Regulation and Its Policy Implications and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：孟小燕 贺兵楠 邸敬涵[2] MENG Xiaoyan;HE Bingnan;DI Jinghan(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;School of Ecology and Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国人民大学生态环境学院,北京100872

出　　处：《科技促进发展》2024年第9期771-777,共7页Science & Technology for Development

基　　金：2022年国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(72104241);2019年国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(71904184);2023年中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院院长青年基金A类项目(E3X1851Q)基金项目的支持

摘　　要：在欧盟发布绿色新政的背景下,可持续产品生态设计法规(ESPR)被提出,并已于2024年7月正式生效。该法规旨在通过从全生命周期约束产品,提高产品的环境可持续性,进而倒逼企业技术进步和绿色转型,助推欧盟循环经济和可持续发展目标的实现,对我国可持续产品设计、循环经济、可持续发展等方面具有重要借鉴意义。本研究全面梳理了ESPR的发展历程,从覆盖范围、重要维度、产品数字护照、绿色公共采购和市场监管等方面总结分析其政策要点,探讨了ESPR对欧盟自身、国际社会和中国的影响,并结合我国在可持续产品设计与认证体系方面的成效以及面临的挑战,提出相应的政策建议,包括建立完善相关立法、健全评价标准体系、推动中欧标准互认、为企业提供激励措施、加速我国产品数字护照建设等。In the context of the EU's Green New Deal,the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation(ESPR)has been proposed and officially come into effect in July,2024.The regulation aims to improve the environmental sustainability of products by restraining them throughout the whole lifecycle thus forcing enterprises to make technological progress and green transformation,and promoting the realisation of the EU's circular economy and sustainable development goals.ESPR has important reference for China in sustainable product design,circular economy,and sustainable development.This study comprehensively reviewed the development history of ESPR,summarized and analyzed its policy points in terms of coverage,important dimensions,digital product passport,green public procurement,and market supervision.And then it further explored the impact of ESPR on EU itself,the international community,and China.In the light of China's achievements and challenges in sustainable products design and certification systems,some policy recommendations were proposed,including the establishment and improvment of relevant legislation,the development of evaluation standard system,the promotion of mutual recognition of Chinese and European standards,the provision of incentives for enterprises,and the acceleration of the construction of China's digital product passports.

关 键 词：可持续产品生态设计法规 绿色产品 循环经济 可持续发展 中欧贸易 

分 类 号：F124.5[经济管理—世界经济] D996[政治法律—经济法学] D922.68[政治法律—国际法学]