有机-无机复配改良剂对红壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Organic-Inorganic Compound Modifier on Physical and Chemical Properties of Red Soil

作　　者：覃超建 盛丰 凌奇 陈玉妮 QIN Chaojian;SHENG Feng;LING Qi;CHEN Yuni(School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Water Environment Treatment and Ecological Restoration,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences,Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第S2期220-229,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51579020);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ30602)

摘　　要：红壤是湖南省内主要土地资源,但其质地黏重、易板结、保水性差且容易干旱,加之其酸性和弱酸性特征,严重影响了区域农作物种植和林业发展。为探究有机-无机复配改良技术对红壤的改良效果,该研究以粉煤灰、腐植酸和秸秆3种物料按正交组合制成9种不同配方的有机-无机复配改良剂,通过土柱培养试验研究了9种复配改良剂对红壤理化性质的影响,并使用模糊物元-熵权模型对土壤改良效果进行综合评价。结果表明,复配改良剂可有效降低土壤容重和酸性、增大总孔隙度和土壤水分常数(饱和含水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量)、提高土壤养分(有机质、速效钾、速效磷、氨氮)和盐分(水溶性Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和K^(+))含量、提升土壤团聚体结构稳定性和抗侵蚀能力。综合考虑改良效果和成本,推荐按粉煤灰21 kg/m^(2)、腐植酸3 g/kg、秸秆0.75 kg/m^(2)构成的有机-无机复配改良剂为红壤改良的最优复配改良配方。Red soil is the primary land resource in Hunan Province.However,the heavy texture,easy to compaction,poor water retention and susceptibility to drought,along with the acidic and weakly acidic characteristics of red soil severely affect the regional cultivation of crops and forestry development.In order to investigate the improvement effect of organic-inorganic compound modifier on red soil,this research used fly ash,humic acid and straw as the three component materials of compound modifier.Nine different formulas of organic-inorganic compound modifier were created with different proportion the three component materials upon according to orthogonal combination.The impacts of the nine different formulas of compound modifier on the physical and chemical properties of red soil were studied with soil column culture experiments,and the Fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight model was applied to comprehensively evaluate the improvement effects of the nine different formulas of compound modifier on red soil.The results showed that,the compound modifier could effectively reduce soil bulk density and acidity,increase total porosity and soil moisture constants(saturated water content,capillary water holding capacity,and field water holding capacity),enhance soil nutrients(organic matter,available potassium,available phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen)and salt content(water-soluble Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and K^(+)),and improve soil aggregate structure stability and erosion resistance.Considering the improvement effects and cost of the nine different formulas of organic-inorganic compound modifier,it is recommended that the optimal composite amendment for red soil improvement consists of fly ash at 21 kg/m^(2),humic acid at 3 g/kg,and straw at 0.75 kg/m^(2).

关 键 词：红壤 复配改良剂 土壤改良 土壤理化性质 模糊物元-熵权模型 

分 类 号：S156.6[农业科学—土壤学]