电磁场强化对黑臭河道净化效果及微生物组成的影响  

Influence of Electromagnetic Field Intensification on the Purification Effect and Microbial Composition of Black-smelling River Channels

作　　者：赵兴杰 郭凤倩 刘云根[1,2] 杨思林 徐超 殷发金 马荣 ZHAO Xingjie;GUO Fengqian;LIU Yungen;YANG Silin;XU Chao;YIN Fajin;MA Rong(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Mountainous&Rural Areas of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学水土保持学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省山地农村生态环境演变与污染治理重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第S2期95-104,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：云南省科技计划重点项目(202301AS070042)

摘　　要：为进一步提高生物生态组合技术对黑臭河道的净化效果,该文构建电磁场强化生物生态组合工艺,探究在无强化措施(RS)、磁场强化(M-RS)和电磁场强化(ME-RS)下,生物生态组合工艺对污染物净化效果及其微生物群落结构特征。结果表明:(1)M-RS和ME-RS对污染物净化效果均高于RS,其中NH_(4)^(+)-N去除率均明显提升,相较于RS分别提升了53.43、54.37个百分点;ME-RS对TP和COD的去除具有明显优势,相较于RS分别提升了35.32、24.52个百分点,相较于M-RS分别提升了15.04、14.17个百分点。(2)3个处理下的优势菌门主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),其丰度之和占总体的71.88%~79.23%。Proteobacteria丰度在不同处理下均占绝对优势,相较于RS(48.90%),其丰度在M-RS(62.28%)和ME-RS(64.69%)处理下均升高,ME-RS处理下丰度最高;Betaproteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria和Alphaproteobacteria为优势菌纲,占总体的45.70%~61.91%,在M-RS和ME-RS处理下Betaproteobacteria和Alphaproteobacteria丰度均升高,其中Betaproteobacteria丰度在ME-RS中最高,达26.85%;属水平上Dechloromonas、Thermomonas和Flavobacterium等在M-RS和ME-RS处理下相对丰度均升高,且在ME-RS处理下最高。(3)冗余分析显示,Proteobacteria是TP、NH_(4)^(+)-N净化的主要驱动因素,表明M-RS和ME-RS去污能力的提升与该菌门及门下微生物丰度升高有关。综上所述,电磁场强化下脱氮除磷微生物丰度高于其他处理,污染物净化效果提升明显,电磁场强化生物生态组合工艺对黑臭水体治理具有明显优势。To enhance the treatment effect of bio-ecological combination technology on black-smelling rivers,we constructed an electromagnetic field-enhanced bio-ecological combination process.We investigated the purification effect of the bio-ecological combination process on pollutants and its microbial community structure characteristics under three conditions:no reinforcement measures(RS),magnetic field reinforcement(M-RS),and electromagnetic field reinforcement(ME-RS).The results show:(1)M-RS and ME-RS have higher purification effect on pollutants than RS,in which the NH_(4)^(+)-N removal rate are significantly improved,compared with RS,respectively,53.43 PP and 54.37 PP;ME-RS had a significant advantage in the removal of TP and COD,which were enhanced by 35.32 PP and 24.52 PP,respectively,compared to RS,and by 15.04 PP and 14.17 PP,respectively,compared to M-RS.(2)The most abundant phyla across all three treatments were Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Chloroflexi,comprising 71.88%to 79.23%of the total abundance.The abundance of Proteobacteria was dominant under all treatments.Compared to the RS treatment(48.90%),its abundance increased under both M-RS(62.28%)and ME-RS(64.69%)treatments,with the highest abundance observed under the ME-RS treatment;Betaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria were the dominant phyla,which accounted for 45.70%to 61.91%of the overall,Betaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria abundance increased under both M-RS and ME-RS treatments,with Betaproteobacteria abundance being the highest in ME-RS at 26.85%;The relative abundance of Dechloromonas,Thermomonas and Flavobacterium at the genus level was elevated under both M-RS and ME-RS treatments and was highest under ME-RS treatment.(3)Redundancy analysis showed that Proteobacteria were the main drivers of TP and NH4_(+)^(-)N purification,and the results indicated that the enhanced decontamination ability of M-RS and ME-RS was associated with elevated abundance of microorganisms in this phylum and below.In conclusion,the abund

关 键 词：黑臭河道 生物生态 电磁场强化 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]