金属粉末特征对激光粉末床熔融成形质量的影响  

Effect of metal powder characteristics on metallurgical quality of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

作　　者：毕中南 张鹏[4] 张浩鹏 BI Zhongnan;ZHANG Peng;ZHANG Haopeng(Gaona Aero Material Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;High Temperature Material Research Institute,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;Research Institute of Advanced Materials,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Shenzhen 518045,China;School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司,北京100081 [2]钢铁研究总院高温材料研究所,北京100081 [3]钢研国际新材料创新中心(深圳)有限公司,广东深圳518045 [4]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081

出　　处：《粉末冶金工业》2024年第6期1-12,共12页Powder Metallurgy Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB3702500)

摘　　要：激光粉末床熔融技术是目前金属增材制造领域中应用最广泛的一种成形技术,具有成形精度高、晶粒尺寸细小、表面粗糙度低、力学性能优异等特点。然而,成形缺陷是当前成形部件面临的普遍问题。本文从金属粉末特征的角度出发,综述了粉末的粒度、形貌以及表面状态对激光粉末床熔融冶金质量的影响规律,提出了在综合考虑打印参数、制粉成本、操作难度等因素后,应控制粉末具有合理的粒度分布、更高的球形度、更低的表面粗糙度和表面能的建议,并总结了调整粉末特征的相关手段。Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technology is currently the most widely used forming technology in the field of metal additive manufacturing,which has the characteristics of high forming accuracy,fine grain size,low surface roughness,and excellent mechanical properties.However,poor metallurgical quality is a common problem faced by current formed components.This article reviews the effect of powder particle size,morphology,and surface state on the metallurgical quality of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing from the perspective of adjusting the physical characteristics of metal powders.It proposes suggestions for controlling the powder to have a reasonable particle size distribution,higher sphericity,lower surface roughness,and lower surface energy after considering factors such as printing parameters,powder production cost,and operational difficulty,and summarizes the means of adjusting powder physical characteristics.

关 键 词：金属粉末 粉末特征 激光粉末床熔融增材制造 成形质量 成形致密度 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]