新乡市2023年城市污水中重点肠道致病菌及常见耐药菌分布特征研究  

Distribution characteristics of critical intestinal pathogenic bacteria and common drug resistant bacteria in urban sewage of Xinxiang city,Henan province in 2023

作　　者：梁爽 李海斌[1] 胡海洋 连贺强 史晓娟[2] 马建敏[2] LIANG Shuang;LI Hai-bin;HU Hai-yang;LIAN He-qiang;SHI Xiao-juan;MA Jian-min(School of Public Health,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院公共卫生学院,河南新乡453000 [2]新乡市疾病预防控制中心检验中心

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2025年第1期33-38,共6页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的研究新乡市城市污水中霍乱弧菌、沙门菌等重点肠道致病菌及碳青霉烯、替加环素、万古霉素常见耐药菌分布特征,为该地区肠道病疫情防控及合理应用抗生素措施提供数据支持。方法于2023年,选择新乡市东、南、西、北四个方位各1家城市污水处理厂作为监测点,在每月月初和月中采集水样,开展重点肠道致病菌的分离培养鉴定和碳青霉烯、替加环素、万古霉素等常见耐药菌分离培养鉴定。结果共采集水样96份,重点肠道致病菌检出非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌22株,毒力基因ctx均为阴性,总检出率22.92%;四季中,夏季检出率最高(45.83%),冬季最低(4.17%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.029,P<0.05);各区中,南区检出率最高(58.33%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=22.880,P<0.05);不同季节中,各区检出率在秋季南区的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同区域中,各季检出率在北区夏季的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在西区春、秋季检出恩昌加沙门菌和奥尔胡斯沙门菌各1株。本次研究中常见耐药菌检测在菌属水平,分离出耐碳青霉烯、替加环素和万古霉素的菌属分别为12、16和25类,在菌种水平,检出的耐碳青霉烯类、替加环素类和万古霉素类细菌分别为42种、29种和22种,菌属与菌种的检出情况基本吻合。不同季节的耐药菌属检出率比较中,耐碳青霉烯的菌属中假单胞菌属、气单胞菌属、克雷伯菌属和耐替加环素的菌属中埃希菌属、克雷伯菌属、气单胞菌属、肠杆菌属、沙雷菌属以及耐万古霉素的菌属中肠球菌属、伯克霍尔德菌属检出率季节差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同区域的耐药菌属检出率比较中,耐碳青霉烯的菌属中埃希菌属、不动杆菌属、黄单胞菌属、勒克氏菌属和耐替加环素的菌属中埃希菌属、气单胞菌属以及耐万古霉素的菌属中埃希菌属、肠杆菌属、伯克霍尔德菌属区域检�Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of critical intestinal pathogens in urban sewage of Xinxiang city,and to provide the scientific data for the prevention and control of intestinal diseases and the rational use of antibiotics in this area.Methods In 2023,one municipal sewage treatment plant was chosen as the monitoring site in the east,south,west and north of Xinxiang city respectively.The water samples were collected at the beginning and middle of each month to carry out the isolation,culture and identification of critical intestinal pathogens and the isolation,culture and identification of carbapenem,tigecycline,vancomycin and other common resistant bacteria.Results A total of 96 water samples were collected,22 strains of non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae were detected as the critical intestinal pathogenic bacteria,and the virulence gene ctx was negative,with a total detection rate of 22.92%.Among the four seasons,the detection rate was the highest in summer(45.83%)and the lowest in winter(4.17%),with significant difference(P<0.05).Among all districts,the detection rate in the southern district was the highest(58.33%),with significant difference(P<0.05).In different seasons,the difference of detection rate of each district in the south district in autumn was significant(P<0.05).In different regions,the difference of detection rate in each season was significant in summer in the northern region(P<0.05).In the western area,one strain of Enterobacter and one strain of Salmonella Aarhus were detected in spring and autumn,respectively.In this study,the common drug resistant bacteria were detected at the genus level,with 12,16 and 25 genera resistant to carbapenem,tigecycline and vancomycin,respectively.At the species level,42,29 and 22 species resistant to carbapenem,tigecycline and vancomycin were detected,respectively.In the comparison of the detection rates of drug-resistant bacteria in different seasons.There were significant seasonal differences in the detection rates of Pseudomonas,Aeromonas,an

关 键 词：城市污水 重点肠道致病菌 常见耐药菌 

分 类 号：R115[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]